cabextract
está no repositório universe
, se você atualizar seu /etc/apt/sources.list:
#############################################################
################### OFFICIAL UBUNTU REPOS ###################
#############################################################
###### Ubuntu Main Repos
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
###### Ubuntu Update Repos
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
Em seguida, execute
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -f install
O apt instalará o cabextract para atender às dependências do ttf-mscorefonts-installer parcialmente instalado. Se isso não funcionar, tente sudo apt-get install ttf-mscorefonts-installer
novamente.