Eu tentei usar sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https , mas não funciona para mim.
sudo apt-get update
E: The method driver /usr/lib/apt/methods/https could not be found.
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package apt-transport-https is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source
E: Package 'apt-transport-https' has no installation candidate
Meu etc/apt/sources.list
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 13.04 _Raring Ringtail_ - Release amd64 (20130424)]/ raring main restricted
deb http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/ raring main restricted
deb-src http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/ raring restricted universe multiverse main #Added by software-properties
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted
deb-src http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/ raring-updates restricted main multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/ raring universe
deb http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/ raring-updates universe
deb http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/ raring multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/ raring-updates multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
deb http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted
deb-src http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/ raring-security restricted main multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/ raring-security universe
deb http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/ raring-security multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical\'s
## \'partner\' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu raring partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu raring partner
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party
## developers who want to ship their latest software.
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu raring main
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ raring partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ raring partner
deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu raring main
Não consegui obter a variante da linha de comando exata em funcionamento, mas consegui procurar
http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/pool/main/a/apt/
Onde localizei a última versão do apt-transport-https, no meu caso o
apt-transport-https_0.9.7.7ubuntu6_i386.deb
Eu então fiz o download, cliquei duas vezes no arquivo deb e o instalei. Agora tudo parece funcionar corretamente novamente.
Depois de olhar para o seu sources.list, eu ainda não entendi bem por que apt precisa de https (talvez algumas fontes adicionais em /etc/apt/sources.list.d ?), mas para obter apt-transport-https instalado você pode faça isso:
sudo wget http://ubuntu.mirror.atratoip.net/ubuntu/pool/main/a/apt/apt-transport-https_0.9.7.7ubuntu5_$(dpkg-architecture -qDEB_HOST_ARCH).deb && sudo dpkg -i apt-transport-https_0.9.7.7ubuntu5_$(dpkg-architecture -qDEB_HOST_ARCH).deb
O comando dpkg-architecture é usado para determinar a arquitetura do seu sistema. Você também pode substituí-lo por i386 ou amd64 .