Nos seus registros, vemos isso:
[ 14.727040] ath10k_pci 0000:05:00.0: firmware crashed! (uuid d82d87d1-cbb3-49ed-bd3b-0ebe99cba661)
[ 14.727046] ath10k_pci 0000:05:00.0: qca9377 hw1.1 (0x05020001, 0x003821ff sub 17aa:0901) fw WLAN.TF.1.0-00002-QCATFSWPZ-5 fwapi 5 bdapi 2 htt-ver 0.0 wmi-op 4 htt-op 3 cal otp max-sta 32 raw 0 hwcrypto 1 features ignore-otp
[ 14.727048] ath10k_pci 0000:05:00.0: debug 0 debugfs 1 tracing 1 dfs 0 testmode 0
[ 14.729235] ath10k_pci 0000:05:00.0: firmware register dump:
[ 14.729236] ath10k_pci 0000:05:00.0: [00]: 0x05020001 0x00000000 0x00A0F776 0x00000000
Vamos tentar um firmware mais recente. Com uma conexão de internet ativa, abra o terminal e faça:
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.169_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux-firmware*.deb
Reinicie. Alguma melhoria?