Você precisa instalar as bibliotecas de desenvolvimento:
sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev
e por favor não use sudo apt-get install libncurses* ou você precisa de todos esses pacotes?
libncurses5 - shared libraries for terminal handling
libncurses5-dbg - debugging/profiling libraries for ncurses
libncurses5-dev - developer's libraries for ncurses
libncursesw5 - shared libraries for terminal handling (wide character support)
libncursesw5-dbg - debugging/profiling libraries for ncursesw
libncursesw5-dev - developer's libraries for ncursesw
libncurses-gst - Ncurses bindings for GNU Smalltalk
libncursesada-dbg - Ada binding to the ncurses text interface library: debug symbols
libncursesada-doc - Ada binding to the ncurses text interface library: documentation
libncursesada3 - Ada binding to the ncurses text interface library: shared library
libncursesada3-dev - Ada binding to the ncurses text interface library: development
Provavelmente não.