Espero que alguém possa ajudar com isso (tentei todas as possíveis soluções propostas para problemas semelhantes, mas o problema ainda não foi resolvido).
Instalei o Ubuntu 13.04 (pela primeira vez na minha vida); tudo parece ok, exceto pela conexão sem fio que não funciona. O laptop que estou usando é um dv6000 da HP; a placa wireless é uma broadcom bcm4311 - que aparentemente é propensa a causar problemas ...
Por favor, obtenha uma conexão ethernet com fio temporária. Abra um terminal e faça:
sudo apt-get remove --purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install linux-firmware-nonfree
Desconecte a ethernet, reinicialize e seu wireless deve estar funcionando corretamente.
Esta resposta explica como instalar os drivers manualmente, sem uma conexão com a internet no computador de destino.
Usando um segundo computador com conexão à Internet, faça o download dos arquivos listados abaixo em uma unidade USB removível.
Fonte: ubuntu launchpad.net
Instalar webfs (um servidor http leve)
sudo dpkg -i webfs_1.21+ds1-10_amd64.deb
Configure o servidor da web para corresponder a www.lwfinger.com
sudo nano /etc/webfsd.conf
Anote o valor de web_root e altere o valor de web_port para 80
web_root="/var/www"
web_port="80"
Navegue até a pasta web_root, crie a sub-pasta b43-firmware e mova broadcom-wl-5.100.138.tar.bz2 para dentro dela
cd /var/www
sudo mkdir b43-firmware
sudo mv ~/broadcom-wl-5.100.138.tar.bz2 ./b43-firmware
Reinicie o servidor da web
sudo /etc/init.d/webfs restart
Por fim, edite o arquivo hosts para concluir a configuração.
sudo nano /etc/hosts
Adicione a seguinte entrada
127.0.0.1 www.lwfinger.com
Instale o b43-fwcutter_019-2_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i b43-fwcutter_019-2_amd64.deb
Instale o firmware-b43-installer_019-2_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i firmware-b43-installer_019-2_all.deb
Reinicie o computador, agora você deve ter sua conexão sem fio funcionando normalmente.
Para o bem do registro, esta é a saída que você obteria sem o procedimento acima.
Selecting previously unselected package firmware-b43-installer.
(Reading database ... 171103 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack firmware-b43-installer_019-2_all.deb ...
Unpacking firmware-b43-installer (1:019-2) ...
Setting up firmware-b43-installer (1:019-2) ...
No chroot environment found. Starting normal installation
--2015-08-31 15:25:30-- http://www.lwfinger.com/b43-firmware/broadcom-wl-5.100.138.tar.bz2
Resolving www.lwfinger.com (www.lwfinger.com)... failed: Temporary failure in name resolution.
wget: unable to resolve host address ‘www.lwfinger.com’
Some problem occurred during the firmware download. Please check your internet connection.
Esta é a saída que você deve obter com o procedimento acima executado corretamente.
(Reading database ... 171109 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack firmware-b43-installer_019-2_all.deb ...
Unpacking firmware-b43-installer (1:019-2) over (1:019-2) ...
Setting up firmware-b43-installer (1:019-2) ...
No chroot environment found. Starting normal installation
--2015-08-31 15:32:16-- http://www.lwfinger.com/b43-firmware/broadcom-wl-5.100.138.tar.bz2
Resolving www.lwfinger.com (www.lwfinger.com)... 127.0.0.1
Connecting to www.lwfinger.com (www.lwfinger.com)|127.0.0.1|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 13514651 (13M) [text/plain]
Saving to: ‘broadcom-wl-5.100.138.tar.bz2’
broadcom-wl-5.100.1 100%[=====================>] 12.89M --.-KB/s in 0.05s
2015-08-31 15:32:16 (285 MB/s) - ‘broadcom-wl-5.100.138.tar.bz2’ saved [13514651/13514651]
Deleting old extracted firmware...
broadcom-wl-5.100.138/
broadcom-wl-5.100.138/linux/
broadcom-wl-5.100.138/linux/wl_apsta.o
broadcom-wl-5.100.138/linux/wl_ap.o
broadcom-wl-5.100.138/linux/wl_sta.o
broadcom-wl-5.100.138/README
broadcom-wl-5.100.138/config/
broadcom-wl-5.100.138/config/wlconfig_lx_shared
broadcom-wl-5.100.138/config/wl.mk
broadcom-wl-5.100.138/config/wl_default
broadcom-wl-5.100.138/config/wl_hnd
broadcom-wl-5.100.138/config/wlconfig_nomimo
This file is recognised as:
filename : wl_apsta.o
version : 666.2
MD5 : e1b05e268bcdbfef3560c28fc161f30e
Extracting b43/lp0initvals14.fw
Extracting b43/lcn0bsinitvals25.fw
Extracting b43/n0bsinitvals25.fw
Extracting b43/n0bsinitvals17.fw
Extracting b43/ucode17_mimo.fw
Extracting b43/ucode16_lp.fw
Extracting b43/sslpn1initvals27.fw
Extracting b43/lp2bsinitvals19.fw
Extracting b43/sslpn3bsinitvals21.fw
Extracting b43/ucode16_sslpn.fw
ucode time: 01:15:07
Extracting b43/ucode25_lcn.fw
Extracting b43/ucode21_sslpn.fw
Extracting b43/lp0bsinitvals14.fw
Extracting b43/b0g0initvals9.fw
Extracting b43/ucode20_sslpn.fw
Extracting b43/a0g1bsinitvals9.fw
Extracting b43/lp1initvals20.fw
Extracting b43/b0g0bsinitvals13.fw
Extracting b43/lp2initvals19.fw
Extracting b43/n2bsinitvals19.fw
Extracting b43/sslpn4bsinitvals22.fw
Extracting b43/ucode16_sslpn_nobt.fw
ucode date: 2011-02-23
Extracting b43/n1bsinitvals20.fw
Extracting b43/n1initvals20.fw
Extracting b43/b0g0bsinitvals5.fw
Extracting b43/ucode22_sslpn.fw
Extracting b43/b0g0initvals13.fw
Extracting b43/ht0initvals26.fw
Extracting b43/ucode33_lcn40.fw
Extracting b43/sslpn1bsinitvals20.fw
Extracting b43/lcn400bsinitvals33.fw
Extracting b43/ucode14.fw
Extracting b43/a0g0initvals5.fw
Extracting b43/lp1bsinitvals22.fw
Extracting b43/n16initvals30.fw
Extracting b43/lp0bsinitvals16.fw
Extracting b43/lcn1bsinitvals25.fw
Extracting b43/lcn400initvals33.fw
Extracting b43/n0bsinitvals24.fw
Extracting b43/lcn2bsinitvals26.fw
Extracting b43/lcn1initvals26.fw
Extracting b43/n0bsinitvals22.fw
Extracting b43/n18initvals32.fw
Extracting b43/lcn2initvals26.fw
Extracting b43/a0g1bsinitvals5.fw
Extracting b43/n0bsinitvals11.fw
Extracting b43/lcn2initvals24.fw
Extracting b43/lcn0initvals26.fw
Extracting b43/n0absinitvals11.fw
Extracting b43/ucode21_sslpn_nobt.fw
ucode time: 01:15:07
Extracting b43/ucode26_mimo.fw
Extracting b43/n2initvals19.fw
Extracting b43/sslpn3initvals21.fw
Extracting b43/a0g1bsinitvals13.fw
Extracting b43/sslpn4initvals22.fw
Extracting b43/pcm5.fw
Extracting b43/ucode22_mimo.fw
Extracting b43/ucode9.fw
Extracting b43/lcn2initvals25.fw
Extracting b43/lp1initvals22.fw
Extracting b43/sslpn1bsinitvals27.fw
Extracting b43/lcn0initvals24.fw
Extracting b43/ucode32_mimo.fw
Extracting b43/a0g0bsinitvals9.fw
Extracting b43/n18bsinitvals32.fw
Extracting b43/n0initvals24.fw
Extracting b43/n0initvals25.fw
Extracting b43/a0g1initvals5.fw
Extracting b43/ucode24_lcn.fw
Extracting b43/n0initvals17.fw
Extracting b43/n0bsinitvals16.fw
Extracting b43/lp0initvals15.fw
Extracting b43/b0g0initvals5.fw
Extracting b43/ucode20_sslpn_nobt.fw
Extracting b43/lcn1initvals24.fw
Extracting b43/sslpn0initvals16.fw
Extracting b43/a0g1initvals13.fw
Extracting b43/lp1bsinitvals20.fw
Extracting b43/sslpn2initvals19.fw
Extracting b43/a0g1initvals9.fw
Extracting b43/lcn1bsinitvals24.fw
Extracting b43/ucode5.fw
Extracting b43/lcn2bsinitvals24.fw
Extracting b43/lp0bsinitvals13.fw
Extracting b43/n0initvals16.fw
Extracting b43/ucode19_sslpn_nobt.fw
Extracting b43/b0g0bsinitvals9.fw
Extracting b43/ucode11.fw
Extracting b43/lp0initvals16.fw
Extracting b43/ucode16_mimo.fw
Extracting b43/lcn0bsinitvals26.fw
Extracting b43/ht0initvals29.fw
Extracting b43/lcn2bsinitvals25.fw
Extracting b43/a0g0initvals9.fw
Extracting b43/ucode29_mimo.fw
Extracting b43/lcn0bsinitvals24.fw
Extracting b43/ucode19_sslpn.fw
Extracting b43/lcn1initvals25.fw
Extracting b43/ucode30_mimo.fw
Extracting b43/n16bsinitvals30.fw
Extracting b43/ucode25_mimo.fw
Extracting b43/ucode24_mimo.fw
Extracting b43/ucode27_sslpn.fw
Extracting b43/lp0initvals13.fw
Extracting b43/a0g0bsinitvals5.fw
Extracting b43/ht0bsinitvals26.fw
Extracting b43/ucode13.fw
Extracting b43/sslpn2bsinitvals19.fw
Extracting b43/ucode15.fw
Extracting b43/lp0bsinitvals15.fw
Extracting b43/n0initvals11.fw
Extracting b43/lcn0initvals25.fw
Extracting b43/sslpn0bsinitvals16.fw
Extracting b43/sslpn1initvals20.fw
Extracting b43/lcn1bsinitvals26.fw
Extracting b43/n0initvals22.fw
Extracting b43/ht0bsinitvals29.fw