A solução do autor copiada de um comentário abaixo da pergunta:
I managed to got to the GRUB menu by waiting until the ASUS splash screen logo disappeared. It took about 5 seconds. In the upper left corner appears a line of text:
Booting into insecure mode
– at that point press Esc to go to the GRUB menu. This took me a few attempts. Too early and the BIOS boot menu shows, and too late the GRUB command-line shows. By removing the parametersro quiet splash $vt_handoff ---
and insertingnouveau.modeset=0
the system booted. I installed the Nvidia driver, updated grub and rebooted, and now it boots to graphics mode. It will take some time to get everything working. I see there are some errors to fix.
Também funciona no ASUS XZ553VD.