Qual é a diferença entre os comandos find e findstr no Windows?

Question

No Windows, quais são as diferenças entre os comandos find e findstr ?

Ambos parecem procurar por texto em arquivos:

encontrar

C:\> find /?
Searches for a text string in a file or files.

FIND [/V] [/C] [/N] [/I] [/OFF[LINE]] "string" [[drive:][path]filename[ ...]]

  /V         Displays all lines NOT containing the specified string.
  /C         Displays only the count of lines containing the string.
  /N         Displays line numbers with the displayed lines.
  /I         Ignores the case of characters when searching for the string.
  /OFF[LINE] Do not skip files with offline attribute set.
  "string"   Specifies the text string to find.
  [drive:][path]filename
             Specifies a file or files to search.

If a path is not specified, FIND searches the text typed at the prompt
or piped from another command.

findstr

C:\> findstr /?
Searches for strings in files.

FINDSTR [/B] [/E] [/L] [/R] [/S] [/I] [/X] [/V] [/N] [/M] [/O] [/P] [/F:file]
        [/C:string] [/G:file] [/D:dir list] [/A:color attributes] [/OFF[LINE]]
        strings [[drive:][path]filename[ ...]]

  /B         Matches pattern if at the beginning of a line.
  /E         Matches pattern if at the end of a line.
  /L         Uses search strings literally.
  /R         Uses search strings as regular expressions.
  /S         Searches for matching files in the current directory and all
             subdirectories.
  /I         Specifies that the search is not to be case-sensitive.
  /X         Prints lines that match exactly.
  /V         Prints only lines that do not contain a match.
  /N         Prints the line number before each line that matches.
  /M         Prints only the filename if a file contains a match.
  /O         Prints character offset before each matching line.
  /P         Skip files with non-printable characters.
  /OFF[LINE] Do not skip files with offline attribute set.
  /A:attr    Specifies color attribute with two hex digits. See "color /?"
  /F:file    Reads file list from the specified file(/ stands for console).
  /C:string  Uses specified string as a literal search string.
  /G:file    Gets search strings from the specified file(/ stands for console).
  /D:dir     Search a semicolon delimited list of directories
  strings    Text to be searched for.
  [drive:][path]filename
             Specifies a file or files to search.

Use spaces to separate multiple search strings unless the argument is prefixed
with /C.  For example, 'FINDSTR "hello there" x.y' searches for "hello" or
"there" in file x.y.  'FINDSTR /C:"hello there" x.y' searches for
"hello there" in file x.y.

Regular expression quick reference:
  .        Wildcard: any character
  *        Repeat: zero or more occurences of previous character or class
  ^        Line position: beginning of line
  $        Line position: end of line
  [class]  Character class: any one character in set
  [^class] Inverse class: any one character not in set
  [x-y]    Range: any characters within the specified range
  \x       Escape: literal use of metacharacter x
  \<xyz    Word position: beginning of word
  xyz\>    Word position: end of word

For full information on FINDSTR regular expressions refer to the online Command
Reference.

    

Answer 1

Como mostrado acima, findstr adiciona suporte a expressões regulares, por isso é mais parecido com grep .

    

Answer 2

O Findstr tem mais opções de pesquisa e suporta expressões regulares. Eu descobri que findstr não funciona com curingas no nome do arquivo.

O comando abaixo retorna todas as ocorrências da string de pesquisa em vários arquivos com o padrão Quant_2013-10-25 _ *. log

find /I "nFCT255c9A" D:\Comp1\Logs\Quant_2013-10-25_*.log 

O seguinte comando não retorna nada ou simplesmente não funciona

findstr nFCT255c9A D:\Comp1\Logs\Quantum_2013-10-25_*.log

    

Answer 3

O blog Old New Thing aborda essas ferramentas neste post.

Em resumo: ferramentas desenvolvidas em paralelo para atender necessidades ligeiramente diferentes; eles simplesmente nunca foram combinados em uma única ferramenta.

    

Answer 4

findstr estende a funcionalidade do find com vários recursos úteis. Algumas das principais adições incluem

1. o findstr suporta várias sequências de pesquisa
2. findstr pode obter como entrada um arquivo contendo nomes de arquivos ou diretórios para pesquisar
3. findstr suporta expressões regulares

Nenhuma função é adequada para arquivos grandes ou grandes números de arquivos.

    

Answer 5

Além dos mencionados:

FINDSTR does not support UTF-16 files, but FIND does.