É possível instalar o sistema operacional Windows para conectar e reproduzir dispositivos de armazenamento?
Você pode usar o Windows To Go.
Windows To Go is a feature in Windows 8 Enterprise, Windows 10 Enterprise, and Windows 10 Education that allows them to boot and run from USB mass storage devices such as USB flash drives and external hard disk drives. It is a fully manageable corporate Windows 8 environment.
Fonte Windows To Go
Windows To Go: visão geral dos recursos
Windows To Go is an enterprise feature of Windows® 8and Windows 8.1 that enables the creation of a Windows To Go workspace that can be booted from a USB-connected external drive on PCs that meet the Windows 7 or later certification requirements, regardless of the operating system running on the PC. Windows To Go workspaces can use the same image enterprises use for their desktops and laptops and can be managed the same way. Windows To Go is not intended to replace desktops, laptops or supplant other mobility offerings.
Fonte Windows To Go: visão geral dos recursos
Windows To Go: Perguntas frequentes
What is Windows To Go?
Windows To Go is a new feature for enterprise users of Windows® 8 that enables users to boot a full version of Windows from external USB drives on host PCs.
Does Windows To Go rely on virtualization?
No. Windows To Go is a native instance of Windows 8 that runs from a USB device. It is just like a laptop hard drive with Windows 8 that has been put into a USB enclosure.
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Is Windows To Go supported on both USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 drives?
No. Windows To Go is supported on USB 3.0 drives that are certified for Windows To Go.
Is Windows To Go supported on USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 ports?
Yes. Windows To Go is fully supported on either USB 2.0 ports or USB 3.0 ports on PC’s certified for Windows 7 or Windows 8.
Fonte Windows To Go: Perguntas frequentes
Como sobre aqueles "verdadeiros" discos rígidos que estão conectados através de compartimentos de HDD?
Are they eligible for this?
Parece que não.
As of the date of publication, the following are the USB drives currently certified for use as Windows To Go drives; as more drives are certified for use with Windows To Go this list will be updated: WarningWarning Using a USB drive that has not been certified is not supported
IronKey Workspace W700 (http://www.ironkey.com/windows-to-go-drives/ironkey-workspace-w700.html)
IronKey Workspace W500 (http://www.ironkey.com/windows-to-go-drives/ironkey-workspace-w500.html)
IronKey Workspace W300 (http://www.ironkey.com/windows-to-go-drives/ironkey-workspace-w300.html)
Kingston DataTraveler Workspace for Windows To Go (http://www.kingston.com/wtg/)
Spyrus Portable Workplace (http://www.spyruswtg.com/)
We recommend that you run the Spyrus Deployment Suite for Windows To Go to provision the Spyrus Portable Workplace.
Spyrus Secure Portable Workplace (http://www.spyruswtg.com/)