Intel NUC tem um desempenho muito pior do que o sistema idêntico

Question

Eu tenho dois sistemas Intel NUC:

i3-7100U de 2,4 GHz (2,40 GHz - 3 MB de cache - 2 núcleos - 4 segmentos)
DDR4 de 4 GB a 2133 MHz (1 × 4 GB)
SSD PCIe M.2 de 250 GB NVMe

Eu comprei o primeiro ano passado e ele está indo muito bem. Eu tive o segundo por alguns dias agora e o desempenho é muito pior.

Para eliminar todas as variáveis para teste, inicializei ambos os sistemas com a mesma unidade flash ao vivo (Pop! _OS) e execute o Minetest. O sistema mais antigo recebe 60 fps enquanto o novo recebe apenas 20. Tanto quanto eu posso dizer, as configurações do BIOS são as mesmas.

O que poderia causar essa diferença no desempenho gráfico?

Atualização - adicionei informações do dmidecode

Do sistema antigo (comprado no ano passado):

Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes
BIOS Information
    Vendor: Intel Corp.
    Version: BNKBL357.86A.0057.2017.1122.1550
    Release Date: 11/22/2017
    Address: 0xF0000
    Runtime Size: 64 kB
    ROM Size: 8192 kB
    Characteristics:
        PCI is supported
        BIOS is upgradeable
        BIOS shadowing is allowed
        Boot from CD is supported
        Selectable boot is supported
        BIOS ROM is socketed
        EDD is supported
        5.25"/1.2 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
        3.5"/720 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
        3.5"/2.88 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
        Print screen service is supported (int 5h)
        Serial services are supported (int 14h)
        Printer services are supported (int 17h)
        ACPI is supported
        USB legacy is supported
        BIOS boot specification is supported
        Targeted content distribution is supported
        UEFI is supported
    BIOS Revision: 5.6
    Firmware Revision: 8.12

Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes
Base Board Information
    Manufacturer: Intel Corporation
    Product Name: NUC7i3BNB
    Version: J22859-308
    Serial Number: GEBN730007PT
    Asset Tag:                                  
    Features:
        Board is a hosting board
        Board is replaceable
    Location In Chassis: Default string
    Chassis Handle: 0x0003
    Type: Motherboard
    Contained Object Handles: 0

Do novo sistema:

Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes
BIOS Information
    Vendor: Intel Corp.
    Version: BNKBL357.86A.0057.2017.1122.1550
    Release Date: 11/22/2017
    Address: 0xF0000
    Runtime Size: 64 kB
    ROM Size: 8192 kB
    Characteristics:
        PCI is supported
        BIOS is upgradeable
        BIOS shadowing is allowed
        Boot from CD is supported
        Selectable boot is supported
        BIOS ROM is socketed
        EDD is supported
        5.25"/1.2 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
        3.5"/720 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
        3.5"/2.88 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
        Print screen service is supported (int 5h)
        Serial services are supported (int 14h)
        Printer services are supported (int 17h)
        ACPI is supported
        USB legacy is supported
        BIOS boot specification is supported
        Targeted content distribution is supported
        UEFI is supported
    BIOS Revision: 5.6
    Firmware Revision: 8.12

Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes
Base Board Information
    Manufacturer: Intel Corporation
    Product Name: NUC7i3BNB
    Version: J22859-312
    Serial Number: GEBN809003J5
    Asset Tag:                                  
    Features:
        Board is a hosting board
        Board is replaceable
    Location In Chassis: Default string
    Chassis Handle: 0x0003
    Type: Motherboard
    Contained Object Handles: 0

Atualização 2

Fiz um teste simples de velocidade de ram encontrado em link

o script:

mkdir ramtest
sudo mount tmpfs -t tmpfs ramtest/
cd ramtest
dd if=/dev/zero of=data_tmp bs=1M count=512
dd if=data_tmp of=/dev/null bs=1M count=512
cd ..
sudo umount ramtest

resultados no sistema antigo:

512+0 records in
512+0 records out
536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 0.225257 s, 2.4 GB/s
512+0 records in
512+0 records out
536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 0.0939961 s, 5.7 GB/s

resultados no novo sistema:

512+0 records in
512+0 records out
536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 1.28991 s, 416 MB/s
512+0 records in
512+0 records out
536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 0.602888 s, 890 MB/s

    

Answer 1

O problema de desempenho é, conforme você confirmou, relacionado ao firmware antigo da versão 57.

A instalação da versão mais recente do firmware 67 resolve o problema.

Isso pode ser devido a melhorias nas atualizações de microcódigo após as atualizações de mitigação de Combustão / Espectro de janeiro.