No Linux, há lshw . Exemplo do meu computador principal:
description: Desktop Computer
product: P5K Premium
vendor: System manufacturer
version: System Version
serial: System Serial Number
width: 64 bits
capabilities: smbios-2.4 dmi-2.4 vsyscall64 vsyscall32
configuration: boot=normal chassis=desktop uuid=C760001E-8C00-001E-47E3-001E8C8988CB
*-core
description: Motherboard
product: P5K Premium
vendor: ASUSTeK Computer INC.
physical id: 0
version: Rev 1.xx
serial: MS1C7CBA7701227
slot: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
physical id: 0
version: 0612 (03/19/2008)
size: 64KiB
capacity: 1984KiB
capabilities: isa pci pnp apm upgrade shadowing escd cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer int10video acpi usb ls120boot zipboot biosbootspecification
*-cpu
...