Você pode alterar as permissões no arquivo de script de shell para executá-lo automaticamente como root.
A partir do manpage chmod:
4000 (the set-user-ID-on-execution bit) Executable files with
this bit set will run with effective uid set to the uid of
the file owner. Directories with the set-user-id bit set
will force all files and sub-directories created in them to
be owned by the directory owner and not by the uid of the
creating process, if the underlying file system supports
this feature: see chmod(2) and the suiddir option to
mount(8).
Um exemplo de comando pode ser semelhante:
sudo chown root:root file.sh
sudo chmod 4755 file.sh