tar reclama por não encontrar um diretório que existe e para o qual eu tenho permissões. Eu vi uma série de perguntas semelhantes, mas todas elas tinham que fazer com a opção f não sendo apenas antes do arquivo de saída. Não é o caso aqui.
gauthier@ionian:~ $ ls -l | grep cpdata
drwxrwxr-x 2 gauthier gauthier 4096 May 23 14:35 cpdata
-rw-rw-r-- 1 gauthier gauthier 17609833 May 23 14:43 cpdata.tar.gz
gauthier@ionian:~ $ echo $HOME
/home/gauthier
gauthier@ionian:~ $ sudo tar -cvzf ~/cpd.tar.gz ~/cpdata
tar: Removing leading '/' from member names
tar: /home/gauthier/cpdata: Cannot stat: No such file or directory
tar: Exiting with failure status due to previous errors
gauthier@ionian:~ $ tar --version
tar (GNU tar) 1.27.1
Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Written by John Gilmore and Jay Fenlason.
gauthier@ionian:~ $ pwd
/home/gauthier
Conteúdo do diretório e mais:
gauthier@ionian:~ $ ls -l cpdata
total 45964
-rw-rw-r-- 1 gauthier gauthier 18507 Jun 3 21:27 cpconf.tar.gz
-rw-rw-r-- 1 gauthier gauthier 16469156 Jun 3 21:27 cplogs.tar.gz
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 63227 Jun 3 21:28 dmesg
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 61823 Jun 3 21:28 dmesg.0
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 16725 Jun 3 21:28 dmesg.1.gz
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 16878 Jun 3 21:28 dmesg.2.gz
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 17096 Jun 3 21:28 dmesg.3.gz
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 15672 Jun 3 21:28 dmesg.4.gz
-rw-rw-r-- 1 gauthier gauthier 4606 Jun 3 21:29 inotify-list.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 gauthier gauthier 554 Jun 3 21:28 install.vars
-rw-rw-r-- 1 gauthier gauthier 16469156 Jun 3 21:27 java-cpdir-logs.tar.gz
-rw-rw-r-- 1 gauthier gauthier 0 Jun 3 21:28 java-os-version.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 gauthier gauthier 66 Jun 3 21:28 java-os-whereis.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 gauthier gauthier 45 Jun 3 21:26 java-var-logs.tar.gz
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 10492 Jun 3 21:28 kern.log
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 202535 Jun 3 21:28 kern.log.1
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 6320 Jun 3 21:28 kern.log.2.gz
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 23244 Jun 3 21:28 kern.log.3.gz
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 2970 Jun 3 21:28 kern.log.4.gz
-rw-rw-r-- 1 gauthier gauthier 13381734 Jun 3 21:29 lsof-list.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 gauthier gauthier 24594 Jun 3 21:28 ps-list.txt
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 27381 Jun 3 21:27 syslog
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 66630 Jun 3 21:27 syslog.1
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 6816 Jun 3 21:27 syslog.2.gz
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 5268 Jun 3 21:27 syslog.3.gz
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 58584 Jun 3 21:27 syslog.4.gz
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 5729 Jun 3 21:27 syslog.5.gz
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 4866 Jun 3 21:27 syslog.6.gz
-rw-r----- 1 gauthier gauthier 8601 Jun 3 21:27 syslog.7.gz
-rw-rw-r-- 1 gauthier gauthier 105 Jun 3 21:28 uname-all.txt
gauthier@ionian:~ $ ls -l | grep cpdata
drwxrwxr-x 2 gauthier gauthier 4096 Jun 3 21:29 cpdata
-rw-rw-r-- 1 gauthier gauthier 34586144 Jun 3 21:30 cpdata.tar.gz
Interessante também: posso produzir um tar do menu contextual no nautilus!