Baseado em esta discussão , eu diria que você removeu a partição EFI ao instalar seu sistema Linux. Você pode ignorar com segurança a mensagem e suprimi-la desativando o "HP Quicklook" na configuração do BIOS.
Esta é a informação relevante do tópico vinculado:
This is a feature. You are using info-button to start and have no efi-partition (HP_Tools) installed.
Disable 'HP Quicklook' from bios setup.
HP EliteBook Notebook PC Series - BIOS Application Error (501)
Information
You may have get a 'BIOS Application Error 501' error message if using not HP Preload image and press INFO button when starting unit. The HP BIOS application selected is corrupt or missing. Please install the application and try again.
BIOS Application Error (501)
Enter - Continue
Details This error is the result of using the INFO button launch HP EFI Application and if not using HP Preload image, the operating system cannot find the EFI partition.
What is EFI ? EFI is a set modular interfaces that replaced the set of traditional BIOS interfaces between the OS and platform firmware. The EFI partition is viewable on HP Preload image and HDD and is labeled as HP_TOOLS. The EFI partition and HP EFI application are not required for the basic operation of HP Notebook, however, if partition is missing, EFI feature is not available.
Read mode on EFI Features on the "HP Business Notebook Computer - EFI Guidelines" that are downloadable on the www.hp.com
EFI Guidelines (116.5KB, PDF) HP Business Notebook Computer http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bc/docs/support/SupportManual/c01564727/c01564727.pdf?jumpid=reg_R1002_USE...
Pekka