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apt-get update
baixa as listas de pacotes dos repositórios e "atualiza-os" para obter informações sobre as versões mais recentes pacotes e suas dependências. Ele fará isso para todos os repositórios e PPAs.De link
Used to re-synchronize the package index files from their sources. The indexes of available packages are fetched from the location(s) specified in /etc/apt/sources.list(5). An update should always be performed before an upgrade or dist-upgrade.
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apt-get upgrade
buscará novas versões de pacotes existentes na máquina se o APT souber sobre essas novas versões através do apt-get update.De link
Used to install the newest versions of all packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in /etc/apt/sources.list(5). Packages currently installed with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no circumstances are currently installed packages removed, nor are packages that are not already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install status of another package will be left at their current version. An update must be performed first so that apt-get knows that new versions of packages are available.
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-y, --yes, --assume-yes
Automatic yes to prompts; assume "yes" as answer to all prompts and run non-interactively. If an undesirable situation, such as changing a held package, trying to install a unauthenticated package or removing an essential package occurs then apt-get will abort. Configuration Item: APT::Get::Assume-Yes.
Se você optou por não usar a opção
apt-get
with-y
, precisará responder a todos os prompts que você recebe desse comando interativamente em ordem para a execução do comando continuar.