Use o declare
builtin:
$ help declare
declare: declare [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] [name[=value] ...]
Set variable values and attributes.
Declare variables and give them attributes. If no NAMEs are given,
display the attributes and values of all variables.
Options:
-f restrict action or display to function names and definitions
-F restrict display to function names only (plus line number and
source file when debugging)
-g create global variables when used in a shell function; otherwise
ignored
-p display the attributes and value of each NAME
Options which set attributes:
-a to make NAMEs indexed arrays (if supported)
-A to make NAMEs associative arrays (if supported)
-i to make NAMEs have the 'integer' attribute
-l to convert NAMEs to lower case on assignment
-n make NAME a reference to the variable named by its value
-r to make NAMEs readonly
-t to make NAMEs have the 'trace' attribute
-u to convert NAMEs to upper case on assignment
-x to make NAMEs export
Assim:
$ declare -p
declare -- BASH="/usr/bin/bash"
declare -r BASHOPTS="checkwinsize:cmdhist:complete_fullquote:expand_aliases:extglob:extquote:force_fignore:histappend:interactive_comments:nullglob:progcomp:promptvars:sourcepath"
declare -ir BASHPID
declare -A BASH_ALIASES='()'
declare -a BASH_ARGC='()'
declare -a BASH_ARGV='()'
declare -A BASH_CMDS='()'
declare -- BASH_COMMAND
declare -r BASH_COMPLETION_COMPAT_DIR="/etc/bash_completion.d"
declare -a BASH_LINENO='()'
declare -a BASH_SOURCE='()'
declare -- BASH_SUBSHELL
declare -ar BASH_VERSINFO='([0]="4" [1]="3" [2]="42" [3]="1" [4]="release" [5]="x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu")'
declare -- BASH_VERSION="4.3.42(1)-release"
declare -x CDPATH=":/home/muru"
declare -x COLORTERM="gnome-terminal"
declare -- COLUMNS="237"
declare -- COMP_WORDBREAKS
declare -x CONFLOCAL="laptop"
declare -x DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS="unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus"
declare -x DESKTOP_AUTOSTART_ID="10abca3e1337cb662146002998494759100000008000003"
declare -x DESKTOP_SESSION="gnome"
declare -a DIRSTACK='()'
declare -x DISPLAY=":0"
declare -x EDITOR="vim"
…
Para ver apenas variáveis de ambiente exportadas, use declare -px
:
$ declare -px
declare -x CDPATH=":/home/muru"
declare -x COLORTERM="gnome-terminal"
declare -x CONFLOCAL="laptop"
declare -x DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS="unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus"
declare -x DESKTOP_AUTOSTART_ID="10abca3e1337cb662146002998494759100000008000003"
declare -x DESKTOP_SESSION="gnome"
declare -x DISPLAY=":0"
declare -x EDITOR="vim"
declare -x GDMSESSION="gnome"
…
Ou use comandos externos, como env
, printenv
ou:
awk 'BEGIN{for (i in ENVIRON) {print i}}'
perl -e 'print "$_\n" for keys(%ENV)'
python -c 'import os; [print(k) for k in os.environ.keys()]'