Existem basicamente três tipos de ataques DDOS:
----->Application-layer DDOS attack
----->Protocol DOS attack
----->Volume-based DDOS attack
> Application layer
DDOS attack: Application-layer DDOS attacks are attacks that target Windows,
Apache, OpenBSD, or other software vulnerabilities
to perform the attack and crash the server.
> Protocol DDOS attack
DDOS attack : A protocol DDOS attacks is a DOS attack on the protocol level.
This category includes Synflood, Ping of Death, and more.
> Volume-based
DDOS attack: This type of attack includes ICMP floods,
UDP floods, and other kind of floods performed via spoofed packets.
Existem muitas ferramentas disponíveis gratuitamente que podem ser usadas para inundar um servidor e testar o desempenho do servidor. Algumas ferramentas também suportam uma rede zumbi para executar o DDOS.
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XOIC
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DDOSIM - Simulador DDOS de Camada 7
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POST HTTP OWASP DOS