Não tenho pontos suficientes para contribuir com a resposta existente em funcionamento, portanto, a única maneira pela qual posso contribuir é por meio da resposta.
A resposta de Eric Carvalho quase funciona, exceto no estágio de winetricks que falha:
winetricks -q mspatcha
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You are using a 64-bit WINEPREFIX. If you encounter problems, please retest in a clean 32-bit WINEPREFIX before reporting a bug.
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Executing w_do_call mspatcha
Executing load_mspatcha
Executing mkdir -p /home/stas/.cache/winetricks/win2ksp4
Downloading http://download.microsoft.com/download/E/6/A/E6A04295-D2A8-40D0-A0C5-241BFECD095E/W2KSP4_EN.EXE to /home/stas/.cache/winetricks/win2ksp4
--2018-03-08 19:36:55-- http://download.microsoft.com/download/E/6/A/E6A04295-D2A8-40D0-A0C5-241BFECD095E/W2KSP4_EN.EXE
Resolving download.microsoft.com (download.microsoft.com)... 23.36.176.218, 2600:140a:c000:38a::e59, 2600:140a:c000:386::e59
Connecting to download.microsoft.com (download.microsoft.com)|23.36.176.218|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 404 Not Found
2018-03-08 19:36:55 ERROR 404: Not Found.
para que o winetricks precise ser atualizado para a versão mais recente:
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Winetricks/winetricks/master/src/winetricks
chmod a+x winetricks
winetricks -q mspatcha
e depois funciona.
update: estava travando, na abertura, e descobri que precisava instalá-los:
winetricks atmlib
winetricks riched20
winetricks wsh57
Agora funciona. Então a sequência completa foi:
run winecfg and set Windows version as Windows XP.
# update winetricks if outdated
wget
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Winetricks/winetricks/master/src/winetricks
chmod a+x winetricks
winetricks mspatcha
winetricks atmlib
winetricks riched20
winetricks wsh57
wget
http://ardownload.adobe.com/pub/adobe/reader/win/10.x/10.1.4/en_US/AdbeRdr1014_en_US.exe
wine AdbeRdr1014_en_US.exe