Veja a página do manual de tune2fs
:
-c max-mount-counts Adjust the number of mounts after which the filesystem will be checked by e2fsck(8). If max-mount-counts is 0 or -1, the number of times the filesystem is mounted will be disregarded by e2fsck(8) and the kernel. -i interval-between-checks[d|m|w] Adjust the maximal time between two filesystem checks. No postfix or d result in days, m in months, and w in weeks. A value of zero will disable the time-dependent checking.
Então tune2fs -c 0 -i 0 /dev/sdx1