Na página do manual do rsync:
-c, --checksum
This changes the way rsync checks if the files have been changed and are in need of a
transfer. Without this option, rsync uses a “quick check” that (by default) checks if
each file’s size and time of last modification match between the sender and receiver.
This option changes this to compare a 128-bit checksum for each file that has a matching
size. Generating the checksums means that both sides will expend a lot of disk I/O read-
ing all the data in the files in the transfer (and this is prior to any reading that will
be done to transfer changed files), so this can slow things down significantly.
The sending side generates its checksums while it is doing the file-system scan that
builds the list of the available files. The receiver generates its checksums when it is
scanning for changed files, and will checksum any file that has the same size as the cor-
responding sender’s file: files with either a changed size or a changed checksum are
selected for transfer.
Note that rsync always verifies that each transferred file was correctly reconstructed on
the receiving side by checking a whole-file checksum that is generated as the file is
transferred, but that automatic after-the-transfer verification has nothing to do with
this option’s before-the-transfer “Does this file need to be updated?” check.
For protocol 30 and beyond (first supported in 3.0.0), the checksum used is MD5. For
older protocols, the checksum used is MD4.
Assim, parece que, desde que você não especifique -c, ele não fará checksums de arquivo antes da transferência. Mas ainda assim será feito após a transferência. Não vejo nada na página do manual indicando que as verificações posteriores podem ser desativadas.