As respostas anteriores mencionam os comandos trash-cli e rmtrash . Nenhum desses é encontrado por padrão no Ubuntu 18.04, mas o comando gio é. Comando gio help trash outputs:
Usage:
gio trash [OPTION…] [LOCATION...]
Move files or directories to the trash.
Options:
-f, --force Ignore nonexistent files, never prompt
--empty Empty the trash
Eu testei usando gio trash FILENAME na linha de comando, e funciona exatamente como eu selecionei o arquivo no navegador de arquivos e cliquei no botão DEL: o arquivo foi movido para a lixeira da área de trabalho pasta. (O comando não solicita confirmação, mesmo que eu não tenha usado a opção -f ).
Excluir arquivos dessa forma é reversível, embora seja mais conveniente do que redefinir rm como rm -i para segurança e ter que confirmar cada exclusão, o que ainda deixa você sem sorte se você acidentalmente confirmar uma exclusão. tem.
Adicionei alias tt='gio trash' ao meu arquivo de definições de alias; tt é um mnemônico para a lixeira.
Adicionado em edição em 2018-06-27: Em máquinas servidoras, não há equivalente de um diretório de lixeira. Eu escrevi um script Bash que faz o trabalho; em máquinas desktop, usa gio trash .
#!/bin/bash
# move-to-trash
# Teemu Leisti 2018-07-08
# This script moves the files given as arguments to the trash directory, if they
# are not already there. It works both on (Ubuntu) desktop and server hosts.
#
# The script is intended as a command-line equivalent of deleting a file from a
# graphical file manager, which, in the usual case, moves the deleted file(s) to
# a built-in trash directory. On server hosts, the analogy is not perfect, as
# the script does not offer the functionalities of restoring a trashed file to
# its original location nor of emptying the trash directory; rather, it is an
# alternative to the 'rm' command that offers the user the peace of mind that
# they can still undo an unintended deletion before they empty the trash
# directory.
#
# To determine whether it's running on a desktop host, the script tests for the
# existence of directory ~/.local/share/Trash. In case it is, the script relies
# on the 'gio trash' command.
#
# When not running on a desktop host, there is no built-in trash directory, so
# the first invocation of the script creates one: ~/.Trash/. It will not
# overwrite an existing file in that directory; instead, in case a file given as
# an argument already exists in the custom trash directory, the script first
# appends a timestamp to the filename, with millisecond resolution, such that no
# existing file will be overwritten.
#
# The script will not choke on a nonexistent file. It outputs the final
# disposition of each argument: does not exist, was already in trash, or was
# moved to the trash.
# Exit on using an uninitialized variable, and on a command returning an error.
# (The latter setting necessitates appending " || true" to those arithmetic
# calculations that can result in a value of 0, lest bash interpret the result
# as signalling an error.)
set -eu
is_desktop=0
if [[ -d ~/.local/share/Trash ]] ; then
is_desktop=1
trash_dir_abspath=$(realpath ~/.local/share/Trash)
else
trash_dir_abspath=$(realpath ~/.Trash)
if [[ -e $trash_dir_abspath ]] ; then
if [[ ! -d $trash_dir_abspath ]] ; then
echo "The file $trash_dir_abspath exists, but is not a directory. Exiting."
exit 1
fi
else
mkdir $trash_dir_abspath
echo "Created directory $trash_dir_abspath"
fi
fi
for file in "$@" ; do
file_abspath=$(realpath -- "$file")
file_basename=$( basename -- "$file_abspath" )
if [[ ! -e $file_abspath ]] ; then
echo "does not exist: $file_abspath"
elif [[ "$file_abspath" == "$trash_dir_abspath"* ]] ; then
echo "already in trash: $file_abspath"
else
if (( is_desktop == 1 )) ; then
gio trash "$file_abspath" || true
else
move_to_abspath="$trash_dir_abspath/$file_basename"
while [[ -e "$move_to_abspath" ]] ; do
move_to_abspath="$trash_dir_abspath/$file_basename-"$(date '+%Y-%m-%d-at-%H:%M:%S.%3N')
done
# While we're reasonably sure that the file at $move_to_abspath does not exist, we shall
# use the '-f' (force) flag in the 'mv' command anyway, to be sure that moving the file
# to the trash directory is successful even in the extremely unlikely case that due to a
# run condition, some other thread has created the file $move_to_abspath after the
# execution of the while test above.
/bin/mv -f "$file_abspath" "$move_to_abspath"
fi
echo "moved to trash: $file_abspath"
fi
done