@MichaelMrozek A resposta anterior não foi vinculada a um encadeamento iniciado pelo consulente. O consulente fez uma pergunta na lista de discussão e a resposta foi que era um erro. O consulente não acompanhou a discussão da lista de discussão. Eu publiquei um novo tópico da lista de discussão na noite passada para fazer o acompanhamento com o mantenedor do Bash, e ele respondeu exatamente com uma resposta a essa pergunta. Como exatamente você acredita que a resposta a seguir não responde à pergunta?
The command substitution is a red herring; it's relevant only in that it pointed out where the bug was.
The delimiter to the here-document is quoted, so the lines are not expanded. In this case, the shell reads lines from the input as if they were quoted. If a backslash appears in a context where it is quoted, it does not act as an escape character (see below), and the special handling of backslash-newline does not take place. In fact, if any part of the delimiter is quoted, the here-document lines are read as if single-quoted.
The text in Posix 2.2.1 is written awkwardly, but means that the backslash is only treated specially when it's not quoted. You can quote a backslash and inhibit all all expansion only with single quotes or another backslash.
The close reading part is the "not expanded" text implying the single quotes. The standard says in 2.2 that here documents are "another form of quoting," but the only form of quoting in which words are not expanded at all is single quotes. So it's a form of quoting that is just about exactly like single quotes, but not single quotes.