As colunas na saída de /proc/modules são as seguintes.
usb_storage 56610 0 - Live 0xffffffffa005d000 (F)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
OBSERVAÇÃO: não encontrei menção ao que parece ser a sétima coluna, mas estou rotulando-a como tal, pois as descrições da sexta coluna (veja abaixo) não abrangem as informações sendo exibido lá.
excerto - link
- The first column contains the name of the module.
- The second column refers to the memory size of the module, in bytes.
- The third column lists how many instances of the module are currently loaded. A value of zero represents an unloaded module.
- The fourth column states if the module depends upon another module to be present in order to function, and lists those other modules.
- The fifth column lists what load state the module is in: Live, Loading, or Unloading are the only possible values.
- The sixth column lists the current kernel memory offset for the loaded module. This information can be useful for debugging purposes, or for profiling tools such as oprofile.
Acredito que a coluna marcada com (F) (ou seja, a sétima coluna) vem daqui neste arquivo - panic.c .
/**
* print_tainted - return a string to represent the kernel taint state.
*
* 'P' - Proprietary module has been loaded.
* 'F' - Module has been forcibly loaded.
* 'S' - SMP with CPUs not designed for SMP.
* 'R' - User forced a module unload.
* 'M' - System experienced a machine check exception.
* 'B' - System has hit bad_page.
* 'U' - Userspace-defined naughtiness.
* 'D' - Kernel has oopsed before
* 'A' - ACPI table overridden.
* 'W' - Taint on warning.
* 'C' - modules from drivers/staging are loaded.
* 'I' - Working around severe firmware bug.
* 'O' - Out-of-tree module has been loaded.
* 'E' - Unsigned module has been loaded.
*
* The string is overwritten by the next call to print_tainted().
*/
Esses códigos são uma representação da máscara de bits presente no kernel.txt documentação de referência também.
tainted:
Non-zero if the kernel has been tainted. Numeric values, which
can be ORed together:
1 - A module with a non-GPL license has been loaded, this
includes modules with no license.
Set by modutils >= 2.4.9 and module-init-tools.
2 - A module was force loaded by insmod -f.
Set by modutils >= 2.4.9 and module-init-tools.
4 - Unsafe SMP processors: SMP with CPUs not designed for SMP.
8 - A module was forcibly unloaded from the system by rmmod -f.
16 - A hardware machine check error occurred on the system.
32 - A bad page was discovered on the system.
64 - The user has asked that the system be marked "tainted". This
could be because they are running software that directly modifies
the hardware, or for other reasons.
128 - The system has died.
256 - The ACPI DSDT has been overridden with one supplied by the user
instead of using the one provided by the hardware.
512 - A kernel warning has occurred.
1024 - A module from drivers/staging was loaded.
2048 - The system is working around a severe firmware bug.
4096 - An out-of-tree module has been loaded.
8192 - An unsigned module has been loaded in a kernel supporting module
signature.