Eu usei:
apt-cache search . | grep -i "metapackage\|meta-package"
combinado com:
dpkg --get-selections
no seguinte script:
awk 'BEGIN{
FS=" - ";
findmeta="apt-cache search . | grep -i \"metapackage\|meta-package\"";
while ((findmeta | getline) > 0) meta[$1]=$2;
FS=" ";
findinstalled="dpkg --get-selections";
while ((findinstalled | getline) > 0) {
if ($1 in meta) print $1" - "meta[$1]
}
}'
Em uma linha:
awk 'BEGIN{FS=" - ";findmeta="apt-cache search . | grep -i \"metapackage\|meta-package\""; while ((findmeta | getline) > 0) meta[$1]=$2; FS=" "; findinstalled="dpkg --get-selections"; while ((findinstalled | getline) > 0) {if ($1 in meta) print $1" - "meta[$1]}}'
Exemplo de resultados:
emacs - GNU Emacs editor (metapackage)
exim4 - metapackage to ease Exim MTA (v4) installation
linux-headers-amd64 - Header files for Linux amd64 configuration (meta-package)
linux-image-amd64 - Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-package)
xfce4 - Meta-package for the Xfce Lightweight Desktop Environment
xserver-xorg-input-all - X.Org X server -- input driver metapackage