Veja a manpage do arquivo hosts, existem algumas partes interessantes.
man hosts
...
Historical Notes
RFC 952 gave the original format for the host table, though it has since changed.
Before the advent of DNS, the host table was the only way of resolving hostnames on the fledgling Internet. Indeed, this
file could be created from the official host data base maintained at the Network Information Control Center (NIC), though
local changes were often required to bring it up to date regarding unofficial aliases and/or unknown hosts. The NIC no
longer maintains the hosts.txt files, though looking around at the time of writing (circa 2000), there are historical
hosts.txt files on the WWW. I just found three, from 92, 94, and 95.
...
O arquivo é lido antes de um DNS ou qualquer outra pesquisa ser feita (ordem definida em /etc/nsswitch.conf
). Is também é necessário para mapear o nome do host e o localhost
para o endereço de loopback (127.0.0.1).
Pode-se resumir da seguinte forma:
É um fardo da última década de computação, mas ainda é útil.