'E: O pacote linux-headers-3.5.0-54 precisa ser reinstalado, mas não consigo encontrar um arquivo para ele. 'ao atualizar o sistema

Question

Estou usando o Ubuntu 12.04 e tento atualizar para o 14.04.1 usando o terminal usando:

do-release-upgrade

mas continuo recebendo o seguinte erro:

SystemError: E:The package linux-headers-3.5.0-54 needs to be 
reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it. 

Como posso corrigir o erro e continuar com a atualização?

A saída para sudo apt-get check é:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
E: The package linux-headers-3.5.0-54 needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it.

Saída para sudo dpkg -C

The following packages are in a mess due to serious problems during
installation.  They must be reinstalled for them (and any packages
that depend on them) to function properly:
 linux-headers-3.5.0-54 (no description available)

Saída de cat /etc/apt/sources.list

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release i386 (20130213)]/ precise main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner

## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party
## developers who want to ship their latest software.
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main
deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main

    

Answer 1

Você precisa baixar e reinstalar o pacote linux-headers-3.5.0-54 . A questão aqui é que o pacote só está disponível com precisão, e suas fontes não fazem mais referência. Para isso eu recomendo baixar manualmente o pacote ao invés de adicionar o repositório preciso e reinstalar o pacote usando o dpkg para então continuar a removê-lo e continuar com sua atualização:

wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-lts-quantal/linux-headers-3.5.0-54_3.5.0-54.81~precise1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-3.5.0-54_3.5.0-54.81~precise1_all.deb
sudo apt-get purge linux-headers-3.5.0-54
sudo do-release-upgrade

Para todos os outros casos, é simples:

sudo apt-get --reinstall install package-name

deve ser o suficiente.