perl -p -i -e 's/{\color{red}(.*)}//g' filename
explicação dos sinalizadores (do link ):
-p: Places a printing loop around your command so that it acts on each line of standard input. Used mostly so Perl can beat the pants off awk in terms of power AND simplicity :-)
-e: Allows you to provide the program as an argument rather than in a file. You don't want to have to create a script file for every little Perl one-liner.
-i: Modifies your input file in-place (making a backup of the original). Handy to modify files without the {copy, delete-original, rename} process.