Eles foram introduzidos em bash
4.0, conforme indicado no arquivo NEWS
:
This is a terse description of the new features added to
bash-4.0
since the release ofbash-3.2
. As always, the manual page (doc/bash.1
) is the place to look for complete descriptions.[...]
hh. There are new case-modifying word expansions: uppercase (
^[^]
) and lowercase (,[,]
). They can work on either the first character or array element, or globally. They accept an optional shell pattern that determines which characters to modify. There is an optionally- configured feature to include capitalization operators.