Eu estou querendo saber sobre alguns problemas de desempenho. Eu tenho alguns problemas com a implementação, mas esse não é meu foco atual. Eu construí um computador para minhas filhas para ambos jogar simultaneamente minecraft. Para conseguir isso, eu estou usando o Linux KVM. Os convidados estão usando o Windows 10.
Eu fiz isso de duas maneiras: 1 usando a CLI e uma usando o virt-manager.
a versão do CLI é a seguinte
qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -M q35 -m 3072 -cpu host \
-smp 2,sockets=1,cores=2,threads=1 \
-bios /usr/share/qemu/bios.bin -vga none \
-device virtio-scsi-pci,id=scsi \
-drive file=/srv/wip.img,format=raw,id=disk,if=none,cache=none,aio=native \
-device scsi-hd,drive=disk \
-cdrom /home/driz/win10.iso \
-device ioh3420,bus=pcie.0,addr=1c.0,multifunction=on,port=1,chassis=1,id=root.1 \
-device vfio-pci,host=01:00.0,bus=root.1,addr=00.0,multifunction=on,x-vga=on \
-device virtio-net-pci,mac=52:54:00:ea:c8:8d \
-usb -usbdevice host:040b:2000 -usbdevice host:046d:c01e -usbdevice host:0d8c:0014 \
-boot menu=on
Provavelmente, podemos ignorar a passagem da placa de vídeo e a passagem USB por enquanto (a menos que sejam fatores). Assumindo que entendi corretamente o que fiz aqui, tenho um controlador virtio scsi e um disco scsi anexado a ele usando o armazenamento bruto. Eu montei um cd para instalar o windows 10 (eu uso a janela do qemu para trocá-lo pelos drivers do virtio para o disco durante a instalação). Essa instalação leva muito tempo e o desempenho do disco parece ruim. A instalação real do Windows leva cerca de 20 minutos.
Por outro lado, criando a máquina no virt-manager, com o que eu acho que são as mesmas configurações (abaixo está a linha de comando que eu peguei do ps)
qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -name guest=win10,debug-threads=on -S \
-object secret,id=masterKey0,format=raw,file=/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/domain-2-win10/master-key.aes \
-machine pc-q35-2.6,accel=kvm,usb=off \
-cpu host,hv_time,hv_relaxed,hv_vapic,hv_spinlocks=0x1fff \
-drive file=/srv/ovmf-x64/OVMF_CODE-pure-efi.fd,if=pflash,format=raw,unit=0,readonly=on \
-drive file=/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/nvram/win10_VARS.fd,if=pflash,format=raw,unit=1 \
-m 3072 -realtime mlock=off -smp 1,maxcpus=2,sockets=1,cores=1,threads=2 \
-uuid 6529c02d-b03f-4adf-8cbf-58dc9227e976 -no-user-config -nodefaults \
-chardev socket,id=charmonitor,path=/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/domain-2-win10/monitor.sock,server,nowait \
-mon chardev=charmonitor,id=monitor,mode=control \
-rtc base=localtime,driftfix=slew \
-global kvm-pit.lost_tick_policy=discard -no-hpet -no-shutdown \
-global ICH9-LPC.disable_s3=1 \
-global ICH9-LPC.disable_s4=1 \
-boot strict=on \
-device i82801b11-bridge,id=pci.1,bus=pcie.0,addr=0x1e \
-device pci-bridge,chassis_nr=2,id=pci.2,bus=pci.1,addr=0x0 \
-device ich9-usb-ehci1,id=usb,bus=pcie.0,addr=0x1d.0x7 \
-device ich9-usb-uhci1,masterbus=usb.0,firstport=0,bus=pcie.0,multifunction=on,addr=0x1d \
-device ich9-usb-uhci2,masterbus=usb.0,firstport=2,bus=pcie.0,addr=0x1d.0x1 \
-device ich9-usb-uhci3,masterbus=usb.0,firstport=4,bus=pcie.0,addr=0x1d.0x2 \
-device virtio-scsi-pci,id=scsi0,bus=pci.2,addr=0x3 \
-device virtio-serial-pci,id=virtio-serial0,bus=pci.2,addr=0x4 \
-drive file=/srv/wip.img,format=raw,if=none,id=drive-scsi0-0-0-0,cache=none,aio=native \
-device scsi-hd,bus=scsi0.0,channel=0,scsi-id=0,lun=0,drive=drive-scsi0-0-0-0,id=scsi0-0-0-0,bootindex=1 \
-drive file=/srv/win10.iso,format=raw,if=none,media=cdrom,id=drive-sata0-0-1,readonly=on \
-device ide-cd,bus=ide.1,drive=drive-sata0-0-1,id=sata0-0-1 \
-drive file=/srv/virtio-win.iso,format=raw,if=none,media=cdrom,id=drive-sata0-0-2,readonly=on \
-device ide-cd,bus=ide.2,drive=drive-sata0-0-2,id=sata0-0-2 \
-netdev tap,fd=26,id=hostnet0 \
-device virtio-net-pci,netdev=hostnet0,id=net0,mac=52:54:00:2b:38:74,bus=pci.2,addr=0x1 -chardev pty,id=charserial0 \
-device isa-serial,chardev=charserial0,id=serial0 \
-chardev spicevmc,id=charchannel0,name=vdagent \
-device virtserialport,bus=virtio-serial0.0,nr=1,chardev=charchannel0,id=channel0,name=com.redhat.spice.0 \
-device usb-tablet,id=input0,bus=usb.0,port=1 \
-spice port=5900,addr=127.0.0.1,disable-ticketing,image-compression=off,seamless-migration=on \
-device qxl-vga,id=video0,ram_size=67108864,vram_size=67108864,vram64_size_mb=0,vgamem_mb=16,max_outputs=1,bus=pcie.0,addr=0x1 \
-device intel-hda,id=sound0,bus=pci.2,addr=0x2 \
-device hda-duplex,id=sound0-codec0,bus=sound0.0,cad=0 \
-chardev spicevmc,id=charredir0,name=usbredir \
-device usb-redir,chardev=charredir0,id=redir0,bus=usb.0,port=2 \
-chardev spicevmc,id=charredir1,name=usbredir \
-device usb-redir,chardev=charredir1,id=redir1,bus=usb.0,port=3 \
-device virtio-balloon-pci,id=balloon0,bus=pci.2,addr=0x5 \
-msg timestamp=on
o Windows instala aqui em cerca de 7 minutos. Em ambos os casos, a imagem do disco bruto é criada recentemente usando dd, mesmo tamanho e especificações. Eu crio via dd na linha de comando em ambos os casos (não com o virt-manager) Minha pergunta é, por que a instalação é muito mais rápida usando o build do virt-manager versus o build da minha CLI. Eu vejo que existem alguns controladores extras na configuração do virt-manager, mas isso realmente não faz sentido para mim. As principais diferenças que vejo são o cenário de topo na CLI é seabios, a compilação virt-manager é uefi. O que é estranho é que durante o arranque do Windows, onde normalmente o uefi exibia o logótipo do fabricante, vejo o logótipo do Windows como se este fosse um bios. Talvez isso seja devido a ser virtual, mas eu esperava ver o logotipo do tiano durante o boot do Windows desde que ele é uefi.
como o xml do virsh pode revelar mais informações, eu anexei abaixo
<domain type='kvm' id='2'>
<name>win10</name>
<uuid>6529c02d-b03f-4adf-8cbf-58dc9227e976</uuid>
<memory unit='KiB'>3145728</memory>
<currentMemory unit='KiB'>3145728</currentMemory>
<vcpu placement='static' current='1'>2</vcpu>
<resource>
<partition>/machine</partition>
</resource>
<os>
<type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-q35-2.6'>hvm</type>
<loader readonly='yes' type='pflash'>/srv/ovmf-x64/OVMF_CODE-pure-efi.fd</loader>
<nvram>/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/nvram/win10_VARS.fd</nvram>
<boot dev='hd'/>
</os>
<features>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
<hyperv>
<relaxed state='on'/>
<vapic state='on'/>
<spinlocks state='on' retries='8191'/>
</hyperv>
</features>
<cpu mode='host-passthrough'>
<topology sockets='1' cores='1' threads='2'/>
</cpu>
<clock offset='localtime'>
<timer name='rtc' tickpolicy='catchup'/>
<timer name='pit' tickpolicy='delay'/>
<timer name='hpet' present='no'/>
<timer name='hypervclock' present='yes'/>
</clock>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>restart</on_crash>
<pm>
<suspend-to-mem enabled='no'/>
<suspend-to-disk enabled='no'/>
</pm>
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/bin/kvm-spice</emulator>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw' cache='none' io='native'/>
<source file='/srv/wip.img'/>
<backingStore/>
<target dev='sda' bus='scsi'/>
<alias name='scsi0-0-0-0'/>
<address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
<source file='/srv/win10.iso'/>
<backingStore/>
<target dev='sdb' bus='sata'/>
<readonly/>
<alias name='sata0-0-1'/>
<address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='1'/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
<source file='/srv/virtio-win.iso'/>
<backingStore/>
<target dev='sdc' bus='sata'/>
<readonly/>
<alias name='sata0-0-2'/>
<address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='2'/>
</disk>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-ehci1'>
<alias name='usb'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x1d' function='0x7'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci1'>
<alias name='usb'/>
<master startport='0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x1d' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci2'>
<alias name='usb'/>
<master startport='2'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x1d' function='0x1'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci3'>
<alias name='usb'/>
<master startport='4'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x1d' function='0x2'/>
</controller>
<controller type='scsi' index='0' model='virtio-scsi'>
<alias name='scsi0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x02' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
</controller>
<controller type='sata' index='0'>
<alias name='ide'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x1f' function='0x2'/>
</controller>
<controller type='pci' index='0' model='pcie-root'>
<alias name='pcie.0'/>
</controller>
<controller type='pci' index='1' model='dmi-to-pci-bridge'>
<model name='i82801b11-bridge'/>
<alias name='pci.1'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x1e' function='0x0'/>
</controller>
<controller type='pci' index='2' model='pci-bridge'>
<model name='pci-bridge'/>
<target chassisNr='2'/>
<alias name='pci.2'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x01' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
</controller>
<controller type='virtio-serial' index='0'>
<alias name='virtio-serial0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x02' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/>
</controller>
<interface type='direct'>
<mac address='52:54:00:2b:38:74'/>
<source dev='enp0s31f6' mode='bridge'/>
<target dev='macvtap0'/>
<model type='virtio'/>
<alias name='net0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x02' slot='0x01' function='0x0'/>
</interface>
<serial type='pty'>
<source path='/dev/pts/2'/>
<target port='0'/>
<alias name='serial0'/>
</serial>
<console type='pty' tty='/dev/pts/2'>
<source path='/dev/pts/2'/>
<target type='serial' port='0'/>
<alias name='serial0'/>
</console>
<channel type='spicevmc'>
<target type='virtio' name='com.redhat.spice.0' state='disconnected'/>
<alias name='channel0'/>
<address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='1'/>
</channel>
<input type='tablet' bus='usb'>
<alias name='input0'/>
<address type='usb' bus='0' port='1'/>
</input>
<input type='mouse' bus='ps2'>
<alias name='input1'/>
</input>
<input type='keyboard' bus='ps2'>
<alias name='input2'/>
</input>
<graphics type='spice' port='5900' autoport='yes' listen='127.0.0.1'>
<listen type='address' address='127.0.0.1'/>
<image compression='off'/>
</graphics>
<sound model='ich6'>
<alias name='sound0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x02' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
</sound>
<video>
<model type='qxl' ram='65536' vram='65536' vgamem='16384' heads='1' primary='yes'/>
<alias name='video0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x0'/>
</video>
<redirdev bus='usb' type='spicevmc'>
<alias name='redir0'/>
<address type='usb' bus='0' port='2'/>
</redirdev>
<redirdev bus='usb' type='spicevmc'>
<alias name='redir1'/>
<address type='usb' bus='0' port='3'/>
</redirdev>
<memballoon model='virtio'>
<alias name='balloon0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x02' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/>
</memballoon>
</devices>
<seclabel type='dynamic' model='apparmor' relabel='yes'>
<label>libvirt-6529c02d-b03f-4adf-8cbf-58dc9227e976</label>
<imagelabel>libvirt-6529c02d-b03f-4adf-8cbf-58dc9227e976</imagelabel>
</seclabel>
<seclabel type='dynamic' model='dac' relabel='yes'>
<label>+110:+111</label>
<imagelabel>+110:+111</imagelabel>
</seclabel>
</domain>
Tags uefi bios kvm virtual-machine