De acordo com Apt-cache man os flags:
--depends pkg...
depends shows a listing of each dependency a package has and all the possible other packages that can fulfill that dependency.
--rdepends pkg...
rdepends shows a listing of each reverse dependency a package has.
--installed
Limit the output of depends and rdepends to packages which are currently installed. Configuration Item: APT::Cache::Installed.
Você pode usar este comando:
apt-cache --installed rdepends my-package-here
my-package-here
Depends: something
Depends: something
Depends: something
Depends: something
Depends: something
Depends: something
Depends: something