What does
for which the process has permission to send a signal
exactly mean?
Está respondido na manpage:
For a process to have permission to send a signal it must either be privileged, or the real or effective user ID of the sending process must equal the real or saved set-user-ID of the target process. In the case of SIGCONT it suffices when the sending and receiving processes belong to the same session.
How can I check which processes will receive a signal?
Você pode percorrer a lista de processos e tentar matar cada um com o sinal 0 (o sinal de funcionamento a seco). Isso lhe dirá se você teria permissão para enviar um sinal real.