Como se viu, a maneira de fazer isso no Linux é via sysctl
sysctl kernel.unknown_nmi_panic=1
depois de definir esse parâmetro, recebo um strace de pilha no console (um console serial no meu caso, mas não acho que isso importe aqui.
[ 253.697690] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Tainted: P O 4.13.4-1-pve #1
[ 253.697691] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.10.2-0-g5f4c7b1-prebuilt.qemu-project.org 04/01/2014
[ 253.697691] Call Trace:
[ 253.697692] <NMI>
[ 253.697697] dump_stack+0x63/0x8b
[ 253.697699] panic+0xe4/0x23d
[ 253.697700] nmi_panic+0x39/0x40
[ 253.697703] unknown_nmi_error+0x77/0x90
[ 253.697704] default_do_nmi+0xe7/0x110
[ 253.697705] do_nmi+0x119/0x180
[ 253.697707] end_repeat_nmi+0x1a/0x1e
[ 253.697710] RIP: 0010:native_safe_halt+0x6/0x10
[ 253.697711] RSP: 0018:ffffffffb0803de0 EFLAGS: 00000246
[ 253.697712] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffffffffb0810480 RCX: 0000000000000000
[ 253.697712] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000
[ 253.697713] RBP: ffffffffb0803de0 R08: 0000006e031e1414 R09: ffffb9a70831fd00
[ 253.697714] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 8000003b10fbadff R12: 0000000000000000
[ 253.697714] R13: ffffffffb0810480 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
[ 253.697717] ? native_safe_halt+0x6/0x10
[ 253.697718] ? native_safe_halt+0x6/0x10
[ 253.697718] </NMI>
[ 253.697720] default_idle+0x20/0x100
[ 253.697721] arch_cpu_idle+0xf/0x20
[ 253.697723] default_idle_call+0x23/0x30
[ 253.697725] do_idle+0x17c/0x200
[ 253.697726] cpu_startup_entry+0x73/0x80
[ 253.697727] rest_init+0xbc/0xc0
[ 253.697733] start_kernel+0x4d2/0x4f3
[ 253.697745] ? early_idt_handler_array+0x120/0x120
[ 253.697746] x86_64_start_reservations+0x24/0x26
[ 253.697747] x86_64_start_kernel+0x14f/0x172
[ 253.697748] secondary_startup_64+0x9f/0x9f
[ 253.697875] Kernel Offset: 0x2ea00000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation range: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff)