Este é um problema com o qual tenho lutado nos últimos dois meses após a atualização para o Ubuntu Gnome 17.04.
O sistema congela aleatoriamente, o teclado pára de funcionar, a tela congela e haverá um segundo ponteiro do mouse que às vezes ainda pode se mover, se a música estiver tocando, ele continua normalmente por alguns instantes e então começa a repetir o último segundo indefinidamente. Às vezes, alguns pixels estranhos aparecem na tela, como nesta imagem:

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EutenhoumDellXPSL502x,asespecificaçõestécnicaspodemserencontradasaqui: link
Esta é a saída para alguns comandos que foram solicitados em um post semelhante:
$ ls -alt /var/crash
total 52296
drwxrwsrwt 2 root whoopsie 4096 Aug 12 14:42 .
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root whoopsie 0 Aug 12 14:40 .lock
-rw-r----- 1 root whoopsie 821234 Aug 11 09:31 _sbin_plymouthd.0.crash
-rw-r----- 1 ayoub whoopsie 52718583 Aug 9 00:39 _usr_bin_gnome- shell.1000.crash
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Apr 12 04:18 ..
e:
$ dpkg -l intel-microcode
dpkg-query: no packages found matching intel-microcode
e:
$ free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 5.7G 2.4G 2.0G 43M 1.3G 3.0G
Swap: 9.3G 0B 9.3G
e:
$ swapon
NAME TYPE SIZE USED PRIO
/dev/sda5 partition 9.3G 0B -1
e:
$ cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda6 during installation
UUID=ac127e9c-c40e-4e9d-98ef-f653c06d73b6 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=6ac5ceab-16c3-4d0e-a5ca-753af7670c36 none swap sw 0 0
UUID=3098-9FFC /data vfat uid=1000,gid=1000,umask=0022,sync,auto,rw 0 0
e:
$ sudo blkid
/dev/sda3: UUID="300aaa08-9126-4cdd-9c65-b146abf4b42f" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="f1a89952-03"
/dev/sda4: UUID="3098-9FFC" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="f1a89952-04"
/dev/sda5: UUID="6ac5ceab-16c3-4d0e-a5ca-753af7670c36" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="f1a89952-05"
/dev/sda6: UUID="ac127e9c-c40e-4e9d-98ef-f653c06d73b6" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="f1a89952-06"
e:
$ ls -al /
total 8268
drwxr-xr-x 26 root root 4096 Aug 13 11:42 .
drwxr-xr-x 26 root root 4096 Aug 13 11:42 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 28 19:19 bin
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 12 09:56 boot
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 May 12 22:10 cdrom
-rw------- 1 root root 12574720 Jul 3 22:51 core
drwxr-xr-x 8 ayoub ayoub 32768 Jan 1 1970 data
drwxr-xr-x 20 root root 4360 Aug 13 12:01 dev
drwxr-xr-x 133 root root 12288 Aug 13 12:01 etc
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 May 13 16:33 home
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 33 Aug 13 11:42 initrd.img -> boot/initrd.img-4.10.0-32-generic
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 33 Aug 12 09:58 initrd.img.old -> boot/initrd.img-4.10.0-32-generic
drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 4096 Jun 20 18:11 lib
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 20 18:11 lib32
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 20 18:11 lib64
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 May 12 22:05 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Jun 27 15:30 media
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 12 04:06 mnt
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Jun 19 21:28 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 306 root root 0 Aug 13 12:01 proc
drwx------ 8 root root 4096 Aug 12 11:36 root
drwxr-xr-x 29 root root 900 Aug 13 12:07 run
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 12288 Jun 28 19:19 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 6 09:32 snap
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 12 04:06 srv
dr-xr-xr-x 13 root root 0 Aug 13 12:01 sys
drwxrwxrwt 15 root root 61440 Aug 13 12:06 tmp
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 May 12 23:56 usr
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Apr 12 04:18 var
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 30 Aug 12 09:58 vmlinuz -> boot/vmlinuz-4.10.0-32-generic
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 30 Aug 4 09:49 vmlinuz.old -> boot/vmlinuz-4.10.0-30-generic
e:
$ nvidia-smi
Sun Aug 13 12:26:38 2017
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 375.66 Driver Version: 375.66 |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU Name Persistence-M| Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap| Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
| 0 GeForce GT 525M Off | 0000:01:00.0 N/A | N/A |
| N/A 69C P0 N/A / N/A | 261MiB / 964MiB | N/A Default |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes: GPU Memory |
| GPU PID Type Process name Usage |
|=============================================================================|
| 0 Not Supported |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Eu também tentei a correção mencionada aqui relacionada a intel c-states, mas o problema permanece:
Como configurar intel_idle.max_cstate = 1