Tenho dois cartões de memória de 4 GB = 8 GB de RAM instalados e o Ubuntu 14.04 LTS de 64 bits mostra apenas 4 GB de RAM. Como posso mostrar os 8GB completos?
Você pode ver os detalhes abaixo, eu também incluí algumas informações gráficas (ATI Mobility Radeon HD 5650) apenas no caso de estar comendo a memória RAM.
É um HP Pavilion dv7-4012eg com CPU Intel (R) Core (TM) i7 Q 720 a 1.60GHz btw.
jessy@linx:~$ free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 3887 1850 2036 3 285 745
-/+ buffers/cache: 819 3067
Swap: 8192 0 8192
jessy@linx:~$ sudo dmidecode -t 17
[sudo] password for jessy:
# dmidecode 2.12
SMBIOS 2.6 present.
Handle 0x0018, DMI type 17, 28 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0017
Error Information Handle: 0x0019
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: SODIMM
Set: None
Locator: Bottom - Slot 1
Bank Locator: BANK 0
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 1333 MHz
Manufacturer: Samsung
Serial Number: 977A35A0
Asset Tag: Unknown
Part Number: M471B5173BH0-CK0
Rank: 1
Handle 0x001B, DMI type 17, 28 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0017
Error Information Handle: 0x001C
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: SODIMM
Set: None
Locator: Bottom - Slot 2
Bank Locator: BANK 1
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 1333 MHz
Manufacturer: Nanya
Serial Number: 0676036D
Asset Tag: Unknown
Part Number: M2S4G64CB8HG5N-DI
Rank: 2
jessy@linx:~$ sudo lshw -c memory
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: Hewlett-Packard
physical id: 0
version: F.29
date: 11/07/2011
size: 1MiB
capacity: 1472KiB
capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppynec int13floppytoshiba int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int9keyboard int10video acpi usb biosbootspecification
*-cache:0
description: L3 cache
physical id: 13
slot: L3 Cache
size: 6MiB
capacity: 6MiB
capabilities: synchronous internal write-through unified
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 15
slot: L2 Cache
size: 256KiB
capacity: 256KiB
capabilities: synchronous internal write-through unified
*-cache:2
description: L1 cache
physical id: 16
slot: L1 Cache
size: 32KiB
capacity: 32KiB
capabilities: synchronous internal write-through instruction
*-cache
description: L1 cache
physical id: 14
slot: L1 Cache
size: 32KiB
capacity: 32KiB
capabilities: synchronous internal write-through data
*-memory
description: System Memory
physical id: 17
slot: System board or motherboard
size: 8GiB
*-bank:0
description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: M471B5173BH0-CK0
vendor: Samsung
physical id: 0
serial: 977A35A0
slot: Bottom - Slot 1
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:1
description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: M2S4G64CB8HG5N-DI
vendor: Nanya
physical id: 1
serial: 0676036D
slot: Bottom - Slot 2
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
jessy@linx:~$ dmesg | grep e820
[ 0.000000] e820: BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009cfff] usable
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009d000-0x000000000009ffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000e0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000bbe3efff] usable
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bbe3f000-0x00000000bbebefff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bbebf000-0x00000000bbfbefff] ACPI NVS
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bbfbf000-0x00000000bbffefff] ACPI data
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bbfff000-0x00000000bbffffff] usable
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bc000000-0x00000000bfffffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000f0000000-0x00000000f7ffffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000feb00000-0x00000000feb03fff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00000-0x00000000fec00fff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed10000-0x00000000fed13fff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed18000-0x00000000fed19fff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed1b000-0x00000000fed1ffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fee00000-0x00000000fee00fff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ffe80000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000013fffffff] usable
[ 0.000000] e820: update [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff] usable ==> reserved
[ 0.000000] e820: remove [mem 0x000a0000-0x000fffff] usable
[ 0.000000] e820: last_pfn = 0x140000 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000
[ 0.000000] e820: last_pfn = 0xbc000 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000
[ 0.000000] e820: [mem 0xc0000000-0xefffffff] available for PCI devices
[ 1.215263] e820: reserve RAM buffer [mem 0x0009d000-0x0009ffff]
[ 1.215265] e820: reserve RAM buffer [mem 0xbbe3f000-0xbbffffff]
jessy@linx:~$ sudo dmesg | grep drm
[sudo] password for jessy:
[ 19.533784] [drm] Initialized drm 1.1.0 20060810
[ 19.595888] [drm] radeon kernel modesetting enabled.
[ 19.596328] [drm] initializing kernel modesetting (REDWOOD 0x1002:0x68C1 0x103C:0x1449).
[ 19.596370] [drm] register mmio base: 0xD4000000
[ 19.596373] [drm] register mmio size: 131072
[ 19.596610] [drm] Detected VRAM RAM=1024M, BAR=256M
[ 19.596613] [drm] RAM width 128bits DDR
[ 19.598366] [drm] radeon: 1024M of VRAM memory ready
[ 19.598369] [drm] radeon: 1024M of GTT memory ready.
[ 19.598443] [drm] Loading REDWOOD Microcode
[ 20.529509] [drm] GART: num cpu pages 262144, num gpu pages 262144
[ 20.531705] [drm] enabling PCIE gen 2 link speeds, disable with radeon.pcie_gen2=0
[ 20.551741] [drm] PCIE GART of 1024M enabled (table at 0x000000000025D000).
[ 20.553301] [drm] Supports vblank timestamp caching Rev 2 (21.10.2013).
[ 20.553302] [drm] Driver supports precise vblank timestamp query.
[ 20.553386] [drm] radeon: irq initialized.
[ 20.570449] [drm] ring test on 0 succeeded in 2 usecs
[ 20.570464] [drm] ring test on 3 succeeded in 6 usecs
[ 20.756575] [drm] ring test on 5 succeeded in 2 usecs
[ 20.756588] [drm] UVD initialized successfully.
[ 20.756969] [drm] Enabling audio 0 support
[ 20.757033] [drm] ib test on ring 0 succeeded in 0 usecs
[ 20.757091] [drm] ib test on ring 3 succeeded in 0 usecs
[ 20.908562] [drm] ib test on ring 5 succeeded
[ 20.965712] [drm] radeon atom DIG backlight initialized
[ 20.965717] [drm] Radeon Display Connectors
[ 20.965720] [drm] Connector 0:
[ 20.965722] [drm] LVDS-1
[ 20.965725] [drm] DDC: 0x6560 0x6560 0x6564 0x6564 0x6568 0x6568 0x656c 0x656c
[ 20.965726] [drm] Encoders:
[ 20.965728] [drm] LCD1: INTERNAL_UNIPHY
[ 20.965730] [drm] Connector 1:
[ 20.965731] [drm] HDMI-A-1
[ 20.965733] [drm] HPD1
[ 20.965735] [drm] DDC: 0x6430 0x6430 0x6434 0x6434 0x6438 0x6438 0x643c 0x643c
[ 20.965737] [drm] Encoders:
[ 20.965738] [drm] DFP1: INTERNAL_UNIPHY1
[ 20.965740] [drm] Connector 2:
[ 20.965741] [drm] VGA-1
[ 20.965744] [drm] DDC: 0x64d8 0x64d8 0x64dc 0x64dc 0x64e0 0x64e0 0x64e4 0x64e4
[ 20.965745] [drm] Encoders:
[ 20.965747] [drm] CRT1: INTERNAL_KLDSCP_DAC1
[ 20.965825] [drm] Internal thermal controller without fan control
[ 21.029449] [drm] radeon: dpm initialized
[ 21.889804] [drm] fb mappable at 0xC045E000
[ 21.889808] [drm] vram apper at 0xC0000000
[ 21.889810] [drm] size 5787648
[ 21.889812] [drm] fb depth is 24
[ 21.889814] [drm] pitch is 6400
[ 21.890122] fbcon: radeondrmfb (fb0) is primary device
[ 23.808455] radeon 0000:01:00.0: fb0: radeondrmfb frame buffer device
[ 23.808578] [drm] Initialized radeon 2.36.0 20080528 for 0000:01:00.0 on minor 0
[ 61.998447] Modules linked in: rfcomm bnep bluetooth nls_utf8 cifs fscache snd_hda_codec_hdmi uvcvideo videobuf2_vmalloc videobuf2_memops videobuf2_core videodev hp_wmi sparse_keymap arc4 snd_hda_codec_idt coretemp snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec snd_hwdep ath9k kvm snd_pcm ath9k_common ath9k_hw snd_page_alloc snd_seq_midi ath snd_seq_midi_event radeon snd_rawmidi mac80211 joydev serio_raw i7core_edac edac_core cfg80211 snd_seq ttm snd_seq_device drm_kms_helper snd_timer lpc_ich mei_me drm mei snd soundcore i2c_algo_bit wmi hp_accel lis3lv02d video input_polldev mac_hid parport_pc ppdev lp parport ahci psmouse r8169 libahci mii
jessy@linx:~$ file /sbin/init
/sbin/init: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.24, BuildID[sha1]=7a4c688d009fc1f06ffc692f5f42ab09e68582b2, stripped
jessy@linx:~$ uname -a
Linux linx 3.13.0-43-generic #72-Ubuntu SMP Mon Dec 8 19:35:06 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
jessy@linx:~$ cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 3980292 kB
MemFree: 215584 kB
Buffers: 266516 kB
Cached: 962476 kB
SwapCached: 12 kB
Active: 2545688 kB
Inactive: 879940 kB
Active(anon): 1943544 kB
Inactive(anon): 278912 kB
Active(file): 602144 kB
Inactive(file): 601028 kB
Unevictable: 724 kB
Mlocked: 724 kB
SwapTotal: 8389596 kB
SwapFree: 8388180 kB
Dirty: 152 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 2197400 kB
Mapped: 294696 kB
Shmem: 25820 kB
Slab: 205660 kB
SReclaimable: 88652 kB
SUnreclaim: 117008 kB
KernelStack: 6208 kB
PageTables: 52164 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 10379740 kB
Committed_AS: 7787880 kB
VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed: 161204 kB
VmallocChunk: 34359566624 kB
HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 407552 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
DirectMap4k: 84224 kB
DirectMap2M: 4042752 kB
jessy@linx:~$ sudo dmidecode --type memory
[sudo] password for jessy:
# dmidecode 2.12
SMBIOS 2.6 present.
Handle 0x0017, DMI type 16, 15 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: None
Maximum Capacity: 8 GB
Error Information Handle: No Error
Number Of Devices: 2
Handle 0x0018, DMI type 17, 28 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0017
Error Information Handle: 0x0019
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: SODIMM
Set: None
Locator: Bottom - Slot 1
Bank Locator: BANK 0
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 1333 MHz
Manufacturer: Samsung
Serial Number: 977A35A0
Asset Tag: Unknown
Part Number: M471B5173BH0-CK0
Rank: 1
Handle 0x001B, DMI type 17, 28 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0017
Error Information Handle: 0x001C
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: SODIMM
Set: None
Locator: Bottom - Slot 2
Bank Locator: BANK 1
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 1333 MHz
Manufacturer: Nanya
Serial Number: 0676036D
Asset Tag: Unknown
Part Number: M2S4G64CB8HG5N-DI
Rank: 2
jessy@linx:~$ sudo dmesg | grep "Memory"
[ 0.000000] Memory: 3958676K/4126576K available (7383K kernel code, 1144K rwdata, 3408K rodata, 1336K init, 1444K bss, 167900K reserved)
[ 61.998446] Memory corruption detected in low memory
Seu memorychip no slot 2 pode estar com defeito, mas eu não penso assim. Tente trocar os dois para que seu chip Nanya esteja no slot 1. Uma vez que eles são diferentes, eles podem ter tempos diferentes (não notáveis por nós humanos), mas a bios vai pensar que o outro está desligado. Trocá-los permitirá que o bios defina seus parâmetros pelo chip Nanya (o menor dos 2), e deve funcionar.