Como posso descobrir se o arquivo é alias ou link simbólico?

Question

Estou trabalhando em um sistema legado e tenho um monte de arquivos que estão referenciando imagens que estão localizadas em outras pastas.

lrwxrwxrwx  1 user nobody      56 Feb 10  2010 t100x100.jpg -> /home/www/virtual/categories/swm/24/m/00012/t100x100.jpg
lrwxrwxrwx  1 user nobody      56 Feb 10  2010 t100x133.jpg -> /home/www/virtual/categories/swm/24/m/00012/t100x133.jpg
lrwxrwxrwx  1 user nobody      56 Feb 10  2010 t125x150.jpg -> /home/www/virtual/categories/swm/24/m/00012/t125x150.jpg
lrwxrwxrwx  1 user nobody      56 Feb 10  2010 t150x200.jpg -> /home/www/virtual/categories/swm/24/m/00012/t150x200.jpg

Como posso saber se são links ou aliases simbólicos?

    

Answer 1

Links simbólicos:

lrwxrwxrwx  1 user nobody      56 Feb 10  2010 t100x100.jpg -> /home/www/virtual/categories/swm/24/m/00012/t100x100.jpg
^
 ' Here it is, l for symbolic link.

Se os arquivos forem links físicos, eles aparecerão como outros arquivos. Por exemplo, todo diretório possui um diretório chamado . , vinculado a ele.

De $ man find :

Each directory on a normal Unix filesystem has at least 2 hard links: its name and its .' entry. Additionally, its subdirectories (if any) each have a..' entry linked to that directory.

Links físicos:

-rw-r--r--  3 root root   60 2012-06-25 12:17 File
-rw-r--r--  3 root root   60 2012-06-25 12:17 HardLinkToFile
-rw-r--r--  3 root root   60 2012-06-25 12:17 HardLinkToFile2
lrwxrwxrwx  1 user nobody      56 Feb 10  2010 t100x100.jpg -> /home/www/virtual/categories/swm/24/m/00012/t100x100.jpg
            ^
             ' This number is hard link (reference) count.

    

Answer 2

Os comandos file ou stat informam o que é um arquivo:

$ ln -s /home this_is_a_link
$ touch this_is_not_a_link
$ file this_*
this_is_a_link:     symbolic link to '/home'
this_is_not_a_link: empty
$ stat this_*
  File: 'this_is_a_link' -> '/home'
  Size: 5               Blocks: 0          IO Block: 4096   symbolic link
Device: ca00h/51712d    Inode: 106983      Links: 1
Access: (0777/lrwxrwxrwx)  Uid: ( 1000/    andy)   Gid: ( 1000/    andy)
Access: 2012-07-29 23:28:17.000000000 +0000
Modify: 2012-07-29 23:28:17.000000000 +0000
Change: 2012-07-29 23:28:17.000000000 +0000
  File: 'this_is_not_a_link'
  Size: 0               Blocks: 0          IO Block: 4096   regular empty file
Device: ca00h/51712d    Inode: 106992      Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--)  Uid: ( 1000/    andy)   Gid: ( 1000/    andy)
Access: 2012-07-29 23:28:27.000000000 +0000
Modify: 2012-07-29 23:28:27.000000000 +0000
Change: 2012-07-29 23:28:27.000000000 +0000

Se o script, o comando test , pode ser mais útil:

   -h FILE
         FILE exists and is a symbolic link (same as -L)

$ for f in this_*; do if test -h "$f"; then echo "$f is a symlink"; else echo "$f is not a symlink"; fi; done
this_is_a_link is a symlink
this_is_not_a_link is not a symlink