Eu percebo que essa é uma pergunta antiga, mas ...
Eu acredito que o Gargoyle (e muitos outros aplicativos de terceiros para roteadores) usam dnsmasq para o serviço DNS / DHCP , que por padrão fornece um IP com base em um hash do endereço MAC do dispositivo. A documentação fornece um pouco mais de detalhes:
--dhcp-sequential-ip
Dnsmasq is designed to choose IP addresses for DHCP clients using a hash of the client's MAC address. This normally allows a client's address to remain stable long-term, even if the client sometimes allows its DHCP lease to expire. In this default mode IP addresses are distributed pseudo-randomly over the entire available address range. There are sometimes circumstances (typically server deployment) where it is more convenient to have IP addresses allocated sequentially, starting from the lowest available address, and setting this flag enables this mode. Note that in the sequential mode, clients which allow a lease to expire are much more likely to move IP address; for this reason it should not be generally used.