Você pode usar o USB-Over-Ethernet , que faz exatamente o que você está perguntando:
USB over Ethernet is a professional software solution allowing to use USB devices remotely through a LAN, Internet or any other network connection.
USB over Ethernet allows you to share USB devices over IP. You can connect to a shared USB device and use it just like it is plugged in your machine. And there is no need to install USB device's driver on the computer where it is physically plugged in.