É apropriado se você acha que é. Para um servidor importante, executar o chkdsk é uma boa política. Equilibre isso com o tempo de inatividade que você passará.
A Microsoft acredita que é desnecessário.
O Windows Server 2008 não executa mais o chkdsk após falhas de energia devido a "NTFS com recuperação automática" e "NTFS de transação". A partir dos artigos da Wikipédia no Server 2008 e Transactional NTFS:
Self-healing NTFS
In Windows versions prior to Windows Vista, if the operating system detected corruption in the file system of an NTFS volume, it marked the volume "dirty"; to correct errors on the volume, it had to be taken offline. With self-healing NTFS, an NTFS worker thread is spawned in the background which performs a localized fix-up of damaged data structures, with only the corrupted files/folders remaining unavailable without locking out the entire volume and needing the server to be taken down. The operating system now features S.M.A.R.T. detection techniques to help determine when a hard disk may fail.Transactional NTFS
A component of Windows Vista and later operating systems. It brings the concept of atomic transactions to the NTFS file system, allowing Windows application developers to write file output routines that are guaranteed either to succeed completely or to fail completely.