O que este arquivo /dead.letter falando sobre um aviso SMART significa?

Question

Acabei de encontrar esse arquivo dead.letter em meu diretório raiz há dois meses:

$ ll /dead.letter 
-rw------- 1 root root      638 Sep 23 02:44 /dead.letter

Este é o seu conteúdo:

Date: Fri, 23 Sep 2016 02:44:47 +0200
To: root
Subject: SMART error (FailedOpenDevice) detected on host:
 BC-AlkaliMetal
User-Agent: s-nail v14.8.6

This message was generated by the smartd daemon running on:

   host name:  BC-AlkaliMetal
   DNS domain: [Empty]

The following warning/error was logged by the smartd daemon:

Device: /dev/sda [SAT], unable to open device

Device info:
WDC WD10JPVX-22JC3T0, S/N:WD-WXH1E65DXFLK, WWN:5-0014ee-65bab5da7, FW:01.01A01, 1.00 TB

For details see host's SYSLOG.

You can also use the smartctl utility for further investigation.
Another message will be sent in 24 hours if the problem persists.

Como tem quase dois meses agora, não posso dizer nada sobre as circunstâncias em que esse arquivo foi criado, infelizmente. No entanto, meu notebook tem menos de um ano e o status SMART atual, conforme relatado em gnome-disks , é bom, e um autoteste curto também foi executado com êxito.

Então, o que isso significa, por que eu tenho esse arquivo e preciso me preocupar com o erro / aviso que ele fala?

    

Answer 1

• Eu só vi um hoje, tão curioso para saber o que nesse dead.letter (é de um hacker?: D). Conteúdos semelhantes:

  Date: Thu, 08 Dec 2016 00:48:26 +0100
  To: root
  Subject: SMART error (FailedOpenDevice) detected on host:
   user.dz-blueskies
  User-Agent: s-nail v14.8.6
  
  This message was generated by the smartd daemon running on:
  
     host name:  user.dz-blueskies
     DNS domain: [Empty]
  
  The following warning/error was logged by the smartd daemon:
  
  Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], unable to open device
  
  Device info:
  WDC WD20NMVW-11W68S0, S/N:WD-WX51A82P0486, WWN:5-0014ee-25cb067e3, FW:01.01A01, 
  2.00 TB
  
  For details see host's SYSLOG.
  
  You can also use the smartctl utility for further investigation.
  Another message will be sent in 24 hours if the problem persists.
  

  User-Agent: s-nail é a ferramenta de e-mail, portanto, verificada em man s-nail | grep -n dead e encontrada como disse Rinzwind.

  2334:     DEAD    The name of the file to use for saving aborted messages if save is set; this defaults to dead.letter in the user's HOME directory.
  2507:               DEAD=+dead.mbox
  

  smartd está configurado para enviar email para o usuário root , de /etc/smartd.conf :

  DEVICESCAN -d removable -n standby -m root -M exec /usr/share/smartmontools/smartd-runner
  

  O erro é sobre smartd que pode encontrar o nó do dispositivo acessível /dev/sdb (no meu caso, drive USB externo). Possivelmente, após a ejeção não limpa, eu não pude testar porque tenho que esperar 30 minutos para a próxima digitalização do smartd.

  $ grep smartd  /var/log/syslog
  Dec  8 00:48:26 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 117 to 109
  Dec  8 00:48:26 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 00:48:26 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Sending warning via /usr/share/smartmontools/smartd-runner to root ...
  Dec  8 00:48:26 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Warning via /usr/share/smartmontools/smartd-runner to root produced unexpected output (118 bytes) to STDOUT/STDERR:
  Dec  8 00:48:26 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: /etc/smartmontools/run.d/10mail:
  Dec  8 00:48:26 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Cannot start "/usr/sbin/sendmail": executable not found (adjust *sendmail* variable)
  Dec  8 00:48:26 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Warning via /usr/share/smartmontools/smartd-runner to root: successful
  Dec  8 01:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 109 to 107
  Dec  8 01:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 01:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 107 to 106
  Dec  8 01:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 02:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 02:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 03:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 03:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 04:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 106 to 107
  Dec  8 04:18:26 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 04:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 107 to 106
  Dec  8 04:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 05:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 05:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 06:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 106 to 108
  Dec  8 06:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 06:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 108 to 109
  Dec  8 06:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 07:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 07:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 08:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 08:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 09:18:26 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 09:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 109 to 110
  Dec  8 09:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 10:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 110 to 108
  Dec  8 10:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 10:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 108 to 109
  Dec  8 10:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 11:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 11:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 109 to 108
  Dec  8 11:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 12:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 108 to 109
  Dec  8 12:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 12:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 109 to 108
  Dec  8 12:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 13:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 108 to 109
  Dec  8 13:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 13:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 14:18:26 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open() failed: No such device
  Dec  8 14:48:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], open device worked again, warning condition reset after 1 email
  Dec  8 14:48:26 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 120 to 128
  Dec  8 15:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], SMART Prefailure Attribute: 3 Spin_Up_Time changed from 211 to 210
  Dec  8 15:18:25 user.dz-blueskies smartd[1086]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 128 to 121
  

  BTW, essas medições de temperatura não parecem corretas (Celsius), mais reais como Fahrenheit.

• Eu poderia receber a mesma mensagem do syslog mesmo com ejeção segura, o smartd varre os dispositivos no início e depois continua monitorando-os mesmo depois da ejeção.

  Sua mensagem é antiga, 23 de setembro de 2016, a maioria dos 3 meses, nenhum registro foi deixado e o problema não foi repetido, nenhum e-mail pendente também. Acho que precisamos de uma maneira de reproduzi-lo, diminuindo o intervalo de smartd, editando seu arquivo de serviço systemd.

  $ sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/smartd.service
  ExecStart=/usr/sbin/smartd -n -i 10 $smartd_opts
  

  -i 10 por um intervalo de 10 seg. No entanto, esteja ciente de que o smartd está usando-o como um valor estrito para consulta de dados e não para relatórios (eu pude notar alguns intervalos de 11 segundos a 5 minutos entre mensagens).

  Reinicie o serviço:

  sudo systemctl daemon-reload
  sudo systemctl restart smartd
  

  Para segui-lo em um terminal usando:

  tail -f /var/log/syslog | grep smartd