Glade Ubuntu - Botão Transparente em uma imagem de fundo [fechado]

Question

Estou tentando fazer uma aplicação Ubuntu. Eu preciso colocar botões transparentes em locais específicos em uma imagem de fundo no Glade, de modo que a imagem mude no botão.

Eu não consegui alcançar isso até agora. Meu botão simplesmente não pousa na imagem. Além disso, também não consegui tornar o botão completamente transparente (ou seja, é visível quando pressionado).

    

Answer 1

1. Para a posição de botões fixos, é melhor usar GtkFixed ou GtkLayout (com rolagem)
2. Para transparência de botões, para mim funciona como deveria. Se não tentar:
   • Border Relief : None para botão plano
   • Desmarque Focus on Click para evitar destaque de foco

Exemplo:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- Generated with glade 3.16.1 -->
<interface>
  <requires lib="gtk+" version="3.10"/>
  <object class="GtkWindow" id="window1">
    <property name="can_focus">False</property>
    <child>
      <object class="GtkLayout" id="layout1">
        <property name="visible">True</property>
        <property name="can_focus">False</property>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkButton" id="button1">
            <property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
            <property name="width_request">59</property>
            <property name="height_request">30</property>
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">True</property>
            <property name="receives_default">True</property>
            <property name="opacity">0</property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="x">87</property>
            <property name="y">64</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
      </object>
    </child>
  </object>
</interface>

Pela primeira vez, eu pensei que você quer dizer Desktop Background. Então, basta deixar isso pode ser útil para os outros.

Não tenho certeza de qual versão do PyGTK é usada pelo Quickly em (Ubuntu 13.04). Melhor usar 0,1 opacidade para testar. O Glade não oferece a opção de definir a propriedade keep_below .

PyGTK 3

Adicionar:

    <property name="opacity">0.0</property>
    <property name="decorated">False</property>

Para

builder_example.glade

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<interface>
  <!-- interface-requires gtk+ 3.0 -->
  <object class="GtkWindow" id="window1">
    <property name="can_focus">False</property>
    <!-- <property name="keep_below">True</property> -->
    <property name="opacity">0.0</property>
    <property name="decorated">False</property>
    <!-- <property name="position">gtk.WIN_POS_CENTER_ALWAYS</property> -->
    <signal name="delete-event" handler="onDeleteWindow" swapped="no"/>
    <child>
      <object class="GtkButton" id="button1">
        <property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
        <property name="use_action_appearance">False</property>
        <property name="visible">True</property>
        <property name="can_focus">True</property>
        <property name="receives_default">True</property>
        <property name="use_action_appearance">False</property>
        <signal name="pressed" handler="onButtonPressed" swapped="no"/>
      </object>
    </child>
  </object>
</interface>

Eu comentei estes, pois eles levantaram erros (não tenho certeza se existe outro caminho no Glade)

    <!-- <property name="keep_below">True</property> -->
    <!-- <property name="position">gtk.WIN_POS_CENTER_ALWAYS</property> -->

Então, eu os adiciono ao arquivo .py para ser aplicado dinamicamente:

window.set_keep_below(True)
window.set_position(Gtk.WindowPosition.CENTER_ALWAYS)

builder_example.py

from gi.repository import Gtk

class Handler:
    def onDeleteWindow(self, *args):
        Gtk.main_quit(*args)

    def onButtonPressed(self, button):
        print("Hello World!")

builder = Gtk.Builder()
builder.add_from_file("builder_example.glade")
builder.connect_signals(Handler())

window = builder.get_object("window1")
window.set_keep_below(True)
window.set_position(Gtk.WindowPosition.CENTER_ALWAYS)
window.show_all()

Gtk.main()

PyGTK 2

Adicionar:

        self.window.set_keep_below(True)
        self.window.set_opacity(0.0)
        self.window.set_decorated(False)
        self.window.set_position(gtk.WIN_POS_CENTER_ALWAYS)

para helloworld.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

# example helloworld.py

import pygtk
pygtk.require('2.0')
import gtk

class HelloWorld:

    # This is a callback function. The data arguments are ignored
    # in this example. More on callbacks below.
    def hello(self, widget, data=None):
        print "Hello World"

    def delete_event(self, widget, event, data=None):
        # If you return FALSE in the "delete_event" signal handler,
        # GTK will emit the "destroy" signal. Returning TRUE means
        # you don't want the window to be destroyed.
        # This is useful for popping up 'are you sure you want to quit?'
        # type dialogs.
        print "delete event occurred"

        # Change FALSE to TRUE and the main window will not be destroyed
        # with a "delete_event".
        return False

    def destroy(self, widget, data=None):
        print "destroy signal occurred"
        gtk.main_quit()

    def __init__(self):
        # create a new window
        self.window = gtk.Window(gtk.WINDOW_TOPLEVEL)

        # Add these
        self.window.set_keep_below(True)
        self.window.set_opacity(0.0)
        self.window.set_decorated(False)
        self.window.set_position(gtk.WIN_POS_CENTER_ALWAYS)

        # When the window is given the "delete_event" signal (this is given
        # by the window manager, usually by the "close" option, or on the
        # titlebar), we ask it to call the delete_event () function
        # as defined above. The data passed to the callback
        # function is NULL and is ignored in the callback function.
        self.window.connect("delete_event", self.delete_event)

        # Here we connect the "destroy" event to a signal handler.
        # This event occurs when we call gtk_widget_destroy() on the window,
        # or if we return FALSE in the "delete_event" callback.
        self.window.connect("destroy", self.destroy)

        # Sets the border width of the window.
        self.window.set_border_width(10)

        # Creates a new button with the label "Hello World".
        self.button = gtk.Button("Hello World")

        # When the button receives the "clicked" signal, it will call the
        # function hello() passing it None as its argument.  The hello()
        # function is defined above.
        self.button.connect("clicked", self.hello, None)

        # This will cause the window to be destroyed by calling
        # gtk_widget_destroy(window) when "clicked".  Again, the destroy
        # signal could come from here, or the window manager.
        self.button.connect_object("clicked", gtk.Widget.destroy, self.window)

        # This packs the button into the window (a GTK container).
        self.window.add(self.button)

        # The final step is to display this newly created widget.
        self.button.show()

        # and the window
        self.window.show()

    def main(self):
        # All PyGTK applications must have a gtk.main(). Control ends here
        # and waits for an event to occur (like a key press or mouse event).
        gtk.main()

# If the program is run directly or passed as an argument to the python
# interpreter then create a HelloWorld instance and show it
if __name__ == "__main__":
    hello = HelloWorld()
    hello.main()

Referências:

• Tutorial do Python GTK + 3: 20. Glade e Gtk.Builder
• Tutorial do PyGTK 2.0: Capítulo 2. Primeiros passos
• Manual de referência do PyGTK 2.0: gtk.Window - A referência de classe gtk