Perguntas sobre o Rsnapshot - permissões de usuários, exclusão e hardlinks

Question

1. O Rsnapshot precisa de permissões de root no lado do servidor remoto? Estou usando um usuário comum.

   backup   commonuser@remoteserver:/directory   directory/
   

   Gostaria de fazer backup de algumas pastas como /home , /opt , /etc e outras, mas não copia todos os arquivos. Meu original /home (servidor remoto) tem 35 GB, mas o rsnapshot só copiou 2,6 GB.

2. Se eu excluir um arquivo em minhas pastas de backup (por exemplo, alpha.0), o arquivo também será excluído do lado do servidor remoto?

3. Como o rsnapshot trabalha com hardlinks, onde estão os arquivos originais?

EDITAR: Agora meu comando me dá isso:

rsnapshot -v -c /usr/local/etc/rsnapshot-ovh.conf alpha :

echo 49721 > /var/run/rsnapshot.pid /bin/rm -rf /rsnap_ovh/alpha.5/ mv /rsnap_ovh/alpha.4/ /rsnap_ovh/alpha.5/ mv /rsnap_ovh/alpha.3/ /rsnap_ovh/alpha.4/ mv /rsnap_ovh/alpha.2/ /rsnap_ovh/alpha.3/ mv /rsnap_ovh/alpha.1/ /rsnap_ovh/alpha.2/ /bin/cp -al /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0 /rsnap_ovh/alpha.1 cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/home/home/zimbra_backup/zimbra/data/ldap/state/run/ldapi is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/home/home/zimbra_backup/zimbra/data/clamav/clamav.sock is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/home/home/zimbra_backup/zimbra/data/tmp/amavisd-zmq.sock is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/home/home/zimbra_backup/zimbra/data/amavisd/amavisd.sock is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/home/home/zimbra_backup/zimbra/data/sasl2/state/mux is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/run/run/udev/control is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/run/run/dbus/system_bus_socket is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/run/run/abrt/abrt.socket is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/run/run/proftpd/proftpd.sock is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/run/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432 is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/run/run/systemd/private is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/run/run/systemd/journal/stdout is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/run/run/systemd/journal/socket is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/run/run/systemd/notify is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/run/run/systemd/cgroups-agent is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/run/run/systemd/shutdownd is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/trace is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/proxymap is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/defer is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/tlsmgr is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/rewrite is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/scache is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/tlsproxy is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/cyrus is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/anvil is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/discard is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/lmtp is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/uucp is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/maildrop is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/smtpd is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/old-cyrus is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/smtp is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/local is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/relay is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/dnsblog is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/bounce is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/virtual is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/scan is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/ifmail is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/retry is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/bsmtp is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/smtp-amavis is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/verify is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/private/error is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/public/pickup is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/public/cleanup is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/public/qmgr is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/public/flush is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/postfix/spool/public/showq is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/tmp/mysql/mysql.sock is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/tmp/amavisd-zmq.sock is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/sasl2/state/mux is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/clamav/clamav.sock is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/ldap/state/run/ldapi is a socket (not copied). cp: /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/backups/zimbra_backup/data/amavisd/amavisd.sock is a socket (not copied). /usr/local/bin/rsync -ptog --delete --numeric-ids --relative \ --delete-excluded --rsh=/usr/bin/ssh root@remoteserver:/backups \ /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/backups/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- rsnapshot encountered an error! The program was invoked with these options: /usr/local/bin/rsnapshot -v -c /usr/local/etc/rsnapshot-ovh.conf alpha ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ERROR: /usr/local/bin/rsync returned 1 while processing root@remoteserver:/backups touch /rsnap_ovh/alpha.0/ rm -f /var/run/rsnapshot.pid

    

Answer 1

Você normalmente deseja executar rsnapshot como root user e também copiar os arquivos como root no lado remoto. Caso contrário, todas as propriedades de usuário e grupo seriam definidas para o usuário que você está usando para se conectar ao lado remoto, o que tornará seu backup inutilizável.
Para verificar por que nem todos os dados foram copiados, examine os logs que, por padrão, são o log do sistema ou, se você configurou um arquivo de log, é necessário consultá-lo. Na dúvida de qual mecanismo de log está habilitado, verifique seu arquivo de configuração.
Se você executar o cronjob como usuário comum, essa pode ser a causa, pois o usuário pode não ter permissão para copiar todos os dados.

Você não deve tocar nas pastas de backup rsnapshot está criando. rsnapshot copiará as coisas da fonte como estão e criará uma nova pasta que refletirá o conteúdo da origem em um determinado momento. Dependendo da sua política de retenção, uma pasta excluída na fonte desaparecerá com o tempo em seu backup.

Hardlinks são entradas de diretório diferentes apontando para o mesmo inode . Não é possível determinar qual entrada de diretório foi o original . Também é possível que a primeira entrada de diretório apontando para um arquivo tenha sido excluída há muito tempo, mas outras entradas de diretório ainda estão apontando / referenciando este arquivo.