As soluções postadas em perguntas anteriores parecem estar desatualizadas. A instalação do pacote firmware-misc-nonfree instala todos os bits e peças supostamente necessários, como /lib/firmware/mt7601u.bin, que estavam faltando antes.
Não funciona!
lsusb
Bus 001 Device 084: ID 148f:7601 Ralink Technology, Corp. MT7601U Wireless Adapter
lshw
*-usb:4 UNCLAIMED
description: Generic USB device
product: 802.11 n WLAN
vendor: MediaTek
physical id: 9
bus info: usb@1:9
version: 0.00
serial: 1.0
capabilities: usb-2.01
configuration: maxpower=160mA speed=480Mbit/s
lsmod|grep mt
mt7601u 77824 0
mac80211 532480 1 mt7601u
cfg80211 450560 2 mac80211,mt7601u
usbcore 176128 8
usbnet,usbhid,usb_storage,mt7601u,cdc_ether,xhci_pci,uas,xhci_hcd
dmesg # these messages repeat a few times
[ 2730.546481] usb 1-9: USB disconnect, device number 83
[ 2730.809928] usb 1-9: new high-speed USB device number 84 using xhci_hcd
[ 2730.960642] usb 1-9: New USB device found, idVendor=148f, idProduct=7601
[ 2730.960651] usb 1-9: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 2730.960656] usb 1-9: Product: 802.11 n WLAN
[ 2730.960661] usb 1-9: Manufacturer: MediaTek
[ 2730.960665] usb 1-9: SerialNumber: 1.0
[ 2731.078028] usb 1-9: reset high-speed USB device number 84 using xhci_hcd
[ 2731.220649] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: ASIC revision: 76010001 MAC revision: 76010500
[ 2731.221261] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware mt7601u.bin
[ 2731.221274] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Firmware Version: 0.1.00 Build: 7640 Build time: 201302052146____
[ 2731.622228] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: EEPROM ver:0c fae:00
[ 2731.779027] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: RX urb failed:-71
[ 2731.779088] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: MCU resp urb failed:-71
[ 2731.779096] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: MCU resp evt:0 seq:5-4!
[ 2731.779272] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: RX urb failed:-71
[ 2731.779310] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: RX urb failed:-71
[ 2731.779332] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: MCU resp urb failed:-71
[ 2731.779339] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: MCU resp evt:0 seq:5-4!
[ 2731.779348] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: RX urb failed:-71
[ 2731.779370] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: MCU resp urb failed:-71
[ 2731.779379] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: MCU resp evt:0 seq:5-4!
[ 2731.779389] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: RX urb failed:-71
[ 2731.779409] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: MCU resp urb failed:-71
[ 2731.779416] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: MCU resp evt:0 seq:5-4!
[ 2731.779427] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: RX urb failed:-71
[ 2731.779450] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: MCU resp urb failed:-71
[ 2731.779458] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: MCU resp evt:0 seq:5-4!
[ 2731.779469] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: RX urb failed:-71
[ 2731.779489] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Error: mt7601u_mcu_wait_resp timed out
[ 2731.937369] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Vendor request req:07 off:0080 failed:-71
[ 2732.097296] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Vendor request req:02 off:0080 failed:-71
[ 2732.257226] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Vendor request req:02 off:0080 failed:-71
[ 2732.257280] mt7601u: probe of 1-9:1.0 failed with error -110
[ 2732.257577] usb 1-9: USB disconnect, device number 84
[ 2732.521125] usb 1-9: new high-speed USB device number 85 using xhci_hcd
[ 2732.671915] usb 1-9: New USB device found, idVendor=148f, idProduct=7601
[ 2732.671924] usb 1-9: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 2732.671929] usb 1-9: Product: 802.11 n WLAN
[ 2732.671933] usb 1-9: Manufacturer: MediaTek
[ 2732.671937] usb 1-9: SerialNumber: 1.0
[ 2732.789208] usb 1-9: reset high-speed USB device number 85 using xhci_hcd
[ 2732.931836] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: ASIC revision: 76010001 MAC revision: 76010500
[ 2732.932447] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware mt7601u.bin
[ 2732.932460] mt7601u 1-9:1.0: Firmware Version: 0.1.00 Build: 7640 Build time: 201302052146____
ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s31f6: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 30:9c:23:01:e7:82 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 58:2c:80:13:92:63 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.100/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic eth1
valid_lft 2399sec preferred_lft 2399sec
inet6 fe80::f6da:6b73:6d91:e99/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
iwconfig
enp0s31f6 no wireless extensions.
lo no wireless extensions.
eth1 no wireless extensions.
1: link
2: link
3: link