Eu tentei de tudo com essa pergunta Problema na instalação do teamviewer em 16.04 LTS mas ainda não instala.
$ sudo dpkg -i /home/will/Downloads/teamviewer_12.0.76279_i386.deb
(Reading database ... 229286 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../teamviewer_12.0.76279_i386.deb ...
Unpacking teamviewer:i386 (12.0.76279) ...
dpkg-deb (subprocess): cannot copy archive member from '/home/will/Downloads/teamviewer_12.0.76279_i386.deb' to decompressor pipe: unexpected end of file or stream
dpkg-deb (subprocess): decompressing archive member: internal bzip2 read error: 'UNEXPECTED_EOF'
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess <decompress> returned error exit status 2
dpkg: error processing archive /home/will/Downloads/teamviewer_12.0.76279_i386.deb (--install):
cannot copy extracted data for './opt/teamviewer/tv_bin/wine/lib/wine/winex11.drv.so' to '/opt/teamviewer/tv_bin/wine/lib/wine/winex11.drv.so.dpkg-new': unexpected end of file or stream
Errors were encountered while processing:
/home/will/Downloads/teamviewer_12.0.76279_i386.deb
A mensagem
internal bzip2 read error: 'UNEXPECTED_EOF'
significa que o arquivo é menor que o esperado. No seu caso, presumo que seu download esteja corrompido.
Existem vários motivos para isso acontecer, mas eu recomendo fazer o download novamente mais tarde.