Uma demonstração direta:
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Caminho absoluto:
andrew@ilium~$ ls -l ~/Documents/ total 204 -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 191413 Mar 7 2014 Claim-Form-1112.pdf drwxr-xr-x 3 andrew users 4096 Sep 15 11:19 Nested -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 498 Feb 27 2014 backspace_mutt -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 59 Mar 7 2010 clock -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 120 Jun 29 2015 daily andrew@ilium~$
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Caminho relativo:
andrew@ilium~$ cd Documents/Nested/ andrew@ilium~/Documents/Nested$ ls -l .. total 204 -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 191413 Mar 7 2014 Claim-Form-1112.pdf drwxr-xr-x 3 andrew users 4096 Sep 15 11:19 Nested -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 498 Feb 27 2014 backspace_mutt -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 59 Mar 7 2010 clock -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 120 Jun 29 2015 daily andrew@ilium~/Documents/Nested$
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Caminho relativo (2)
andrew@ilium~$ cd Documents/Nested/Nested_Further/ andrew@ilium~/Documents/Nested/Nested_Further$ ls -l ../../ total 204 -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 191413 Mar 7 2014 Claim-Form-1112.pdf drwxr-xr-x 3 andrew users 4096 Sep 15 11:19 Nested -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 498 Feb 27 2014 backspace_mutt -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 59 Mar 7 2010 clock -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 120 Jun 29 2015 daily andrew@ilium~/Documents/Nested/Nested_Further$
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Bonus 'Combo':
andrew@ilium~$ ls -l ~/Documents/Nested/Nested_Further/../../ total 204 -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 191413 Mar 7 2014 Claim-Form-1112.pdf drwxr-xr-x 3 andrew users 4096 Sep 15 11:19 Nested -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 498 Feb 27 2014 backspace_mutt -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 59 Mar 7 2010 clock -rw-r--r-- 1 andrew users 120 Jun 29 2015 daily andrew@ilium~$
OK, então o último é um pouco bobo, mas você tem a idéia:)
Leitura adicional: